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1、Section ,Unit 5,语法讲座,写作讲座,知识必备,专题练习,佳作观摩,技法指导,专题练习,动词ing形式作状语,一、动词ing形式的时态、语态及意义,Hearing the news, they immediately set off. 听到这个消息，他们立即出发了。 Having written a letter, I listened to music for a while. 写完信后，我听了一会儿音乐。 Having been held back by the traffic jam, she couldnt get there on time. 她被交通阻塞耽搁了，无法准
2、时到达那里。,二、动词ing形式作状语的种类 现在分词作状语时，表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，用来修饰谓语动词，常表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、伴随、让步等情况，并可以转换成相应的状语从句或并列句。,1表时间 Walking in the park, she saw an old friend. When she was walking in the park, she saw an old friend. 在公园散步时，她看到一个老朋友。 Having finished the work, he went out to meet his friends. After he fi
3、nished the work, he went out to meet his friends. 完成工作后，他出去会朋友了。 如果强调两个动作同时发生，分词前可加when或while。,Be careful when crossing the street. 过马路时一定要小心。 Dont mention this while talking to him. 与他交谈时不要提这件事。,考题印证1,Dina, _ for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising age
4、ncy. Astruggling Bstruggled Chaving struggled Dto struggle 解析：选 。考查非谓语动词。struggle与Dina为主动关系，可排除B项；由句子结构可知，此处应用现在分词作非限制性定语，补充说明Dina的情况。因为struggle这一动作发生在谓语动词took之前，故用现在分词的完成式。,C,2表原因 Having traveled to many places, he knows a lot. Since he has traveled to many places，he knows a lot. 到过很多的地方去旅游，他知道的很多。
5、 Being ill, he was sent to hospital. Because he was ill, he was sent to hospital. 由于生病，他被送往医院。,考题印证2,Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, _on your feet. Ato keep Bkeeping Chaving kept Dto have kept 解析：选 。考查非谓语动词。keeping on your feet 表示“站立”，在句中说明使你疲劳的原因。,B,3表伴随或方式 He sent me an ema
6、il, hoping to get further information. He sent me an email, and (he) hoped to get further information. 他给我发了封电子邮件，希望得到更多的消息。,考题印证3,31 Sarah pretended to be cheerful, _ nothing about the argument. Asays Bsaid Cto say Dsaying 解析：选 。考查非谓语动词。say 与其逻辑主语Sarah 构成主动关系，因此使用现在分词，作伴随状语，选择D。,D,32 _around the fi
7、re, the tourists danced with the local people. AGather BTo gather CGathering DTo be gathering 解析：选 。考查非谓语动词。句意：旅游者和当地的居民围着篝火一起跳舞。主语the tourists和动词gather 是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词短语作伴随状语，故C项正确。,C,4表条件 Going there by plane, youll arrive tomorrow morning. If you go there by plane, youll arrive tomorrow morning.
8、 如果你乘飞机去那里的话，明天早上就会到。 5表让步 Having been told many times, he still made the same mistake. Though he had been told many times, he still made the same mistake. 尽管告诉他许多次了，他仍旧犯同样的错误。,6表结果(必然结果) The train was caught in heavy snow, thus causing the delay. The train was caught in heavy snow and caused the de
9、lay. 火车遇上了大雪，因此造成了耽搁。,考题印证4,More highways have been built in China, _ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another. Amaking Bmade Cto make Dhaving made,解析：选 。考查非谓语动词。 句意：中国又建了一些高速公路，这使得人们从一个地方到另一个地方旅行更容易了。making 是现在分词，在句中作结果状语。不定式表示偶然性很强或意想不到的结果，所以C项不合题意。,A,三、使用动词ing形式需注意的几个问题 1动词in
10、g形式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的 主语一致。如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。 My wife had a long talk with Sally, explaining why she didnt want the children to play together. 我妻子与莎莉谈了很长时间，解释她为什么不想让孩子们在一起玩。,(explaining是句子主语my wife做出的动作，它们之间是主动关系，即explaining的逻辑主语就是句子的主语my wife。) The train having gone, we had to wait
11、another day.(the train逻辑主语having gone为独立主格结构) 火车已离开，我们只好再等一天。,2动词ing形式作状语时，前面可以加上连词或介词，但 是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词(如but, and)，因为并列连词连接的是两个并列成分，而分词短语只是全句的一个状语部分。分词和主句之间可用逗号。 Having been told many times, but he still couldnt understand it.() Having been told many times, he still couldnt understand it.() 已给他讲了
12、许多遍，但他还是不理解它。,3在英语中，有些表示说话人态度的分词结构已成为固定 用语，不遵循其逻辑主语与句子一致的原则。这些短语常见的有： generally speaking 总的来说 judging from/by . 根据判断 speaking of 说到 talking of 谈到 frankly speaking 坦白地说,considering ./taking .into consideration 考虑到 providing 如果 supposing 即使；如果 seeing . 考虑到 Talking of the world resources, they are very
13、 limited. 谈到世界资源，它们是非常有限的。,4动词ing形式的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上not, never等否定词。 Not knowing how to find the subway, I asked a policeman for help. 我不知道怎样找到地铁，就去找警察帮忙。,点津 如何确定分词的形式 动词ing形式作状语是高考的热点之一。要做好这类题，在确定不存在连词、独立主格结构或悬垂分词用法的情况下，要根据分词与逻辑主语之间的关系决定用动词ing形式还是动词ed形式，然后再根据分词动作和主句谓语动词动作的时间先后来确定用一般式还是完成式。,点此进入,旅游景点介绍
14、,现在，越来越多的大陆游客可以赴台旅游，而日月潭作为台湾的主要景点，很多人并不真正了解，请按照以下要点提示，写一篇介绍日月潭(Sun Moon Lake)的英语短文。 1日月潭位于台湾的南投县，是台湾最著名的风景区，也是台湾最大的天然湖泊。,2日月潭处在山地与西部平原之间，受3000万年前喜马拉雅(the Himalayas)造山运动的影响，由玉山(Mt.Yu)和阿里山(Mt.Ali)之间的断裂(ruptured)盆地积水而成。 3湖中央有一岛屿把湖分成两部分，湖的东北部分圆圆的像太阳，而湖的西南部分弯弯的像月牙，故为日月潭。,Sun Moon Lake Sun Moon Lake is lo
15、cated in Nantou County, Taiwan Province.Sun Moon Lake is the largest natural lake as well as the most wellknown scenic spot in Taiwan. Do you know how its name came into being？In the middle of the lake (between the “sun” and the “moon”) is an island, which divides the lake into two parts.The northea
16、stern part of the lake is round like the sun, while the southwestern part is shaped like the moon.So it is called “Sun Moon Lake”,Between the mountainous region and the western plain lies Sun Moon Lake, which was greatly affected by the mountainmaking movement of the Himalayas 30,000,000 years ago.Besid
