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1、 特殊句式比较杂乱，掌握起来有一定的难度。其中倒装句是高考的热点，强调句是高考的难点。同时，祈使句与陈述句的区别、省略与替代的合理运用也是高考考查的重点项目。近三年的高考题更加注重考查知识之间的交叉现象，如在考查强调句的同时考查定语从句，把省略、强调句与时间状语从句、地点状语从句的考查等融合在一起，考查考生综合把握语言知识的能力。 热点题型一 倒装句 例1、In front of the farmhouse _ (lie) a peasant boy. 【答案】lay【提分秘籍】1全部倒装(1)表示方式或方位的副词或介词短语，如here, there, now, then, up, down,
2、 in, away, off, out, on the wall, under the tree等置于句首，且主语是名词时。John opened the door.There stood a girl he had never seen before.约翰打开门，那儿站着一位他从来没见过的女孩。Just in front of the bus lies an injured man, all covered with blood.公共汽车的前面躺着一个受伤的人，浑身是血。(2)代词such放在句首，且在句中作表语时。Such are the facts; no one can deny th
3、em.这些就是事实；没有人可以否认。(3)为平衡句子结构或使上下文衔接紧密，常将作表语的形容词、副词、分词或介词短语提到句首，引起全部倒装。Seated in the first line are some advanced workers.坐在第一排的是一些资深工人。Present at the meeting were some scientists from China.许多来自中国的科学家出席了会议。注意：上述情况中，若主语是人称代词，则不用倒装。Away they went.他们走了。【举一反三】 _ (sit) under the tree was a charming girl
4、aged about seventeen or eighteen.【解析】考查动词形式变化。根据句式结构可以判断，该句为全部倒装，句子主语是“a charming girl”，用进行时态，故填sitting。句意：在树下坐着一个十七八岁的女孩。【答案】Sitting热点题型二 部分倒装例2、 From the picture we know, _ happy do the children feel that they are wild with joy. 【答案】So【提分秘籍】 (1)so/neither/nor助动词/情态动词主语(表示前一句中的内容也适合另一人或另一事物)If Joes
5、 wife wont go to the party, neither will he.如果Joe的妻子不参加晚会，他也不去。She has been to New York. So have I.她去过纽约，我也去过。注意：so表示“是的，确实”时，主谓语不倒装。It is too hot.So it is.天太热了。是啊，的确很热。(2)表示否定意义的副词、连词或短语置于句首时当not, never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, no, nowhere, not only, not until, at no time, by no m
6、eans, in no way等词或短语位于句首时。Not a single song did she sing at yesterdays party.在昨天的晚会上她一首歌也没有唱。At no time will China be the first to use the nuclear weapon.在任何情况下中国决不会第一个使用核武器。(3)在so/such.that.句型中，若so/such.提到句首时In such a hurry did he leave the office that he forgot to lock the door.他离开办公室时太匆忙了，结果忘了锁门。
7、(4)当“only状语(副词、介词短语或从句)”置于句首时Only after my friend came was the computer repaired.只有在我朋友来了之后，电脑才修好。(5)表语、状语或动词原形as/though主语其他时，句子要倒装Much as I like it, Ill not buy it.尽管我很喜欢它，但我不会买。Pretty as she is, she is not proud.尽管她很漂亮，但她一点也不自负。Try as he would, he might fail again.尽管他还会试，但可能还会失败。(6)hardly.when., n
8、o sooner.than., not only.but also.等引导两个分句时，前一个分句用部分倒装，后一个分句不变。Hardly/Scarcely had he heard the news when he began to cry.他一听到这个消息就哭了。The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only was teachers energy saved, but students became more interested in the lessons.电脑被应用于教学中，结果，不仅节省了老师的精力，学生也对课堂感兴
9、趣了。(7)在省略if的虚拟条件句中(当条件从句中有were，had, should时)Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the examination.要是早复习了功课，你有可能就通过考试了。Should it not rain, we would go for a picnic tomorrow.要是明天不下雨，我们就可以去野餐了。【举一反三】 Only by communicating with each other more frequently _ they clear away the misunderstan
10、dings and solve the conflict.【解析】根据句式结构可以看出，该题考查的是倒装句，“only状语”位于句首，主句要部分倒装，结合语意可知答案是can。句意：只有通过经常沟通，他们才能清除误会，解决问题。【答案】can热点题型三 强调句例3【2018天津】 It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house _we saw Lily in the passenger seat.A. which B. thatC. when D. where【答案】B 【变式探究】2017天津卷 It was when I g
11、ot back to my apartment _ I first came across my new neighbours.Awho Bwhere Cwhich Dthat【答案】D 【解析】考查强调句型。本句强调的是when I got back to my apartment。强调句的判断方法是先将It is/was与that去掉，然后检验此句是不是一个成分完整的句子。经判断“When I got back to my apartment，I first came across my new neighbours.”句子成分完整，由此可断定本句是强调句，空格处应填that。句意：正是当
12、我回到我的公寓时，我第一次偶然遇见了我的新邻居们。【提分秘籍】1强调句的基本句型是“It is/was被强调的部分that/who其他部分”。被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语或状语等。It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do that benefits our work most.给我们工作带来最大益处的不是我们做了多少而是我们将多少爱投入到我们所从事的事业中。2强调句的特殊句式强调句的特殊句式结构构成例句一般疑问句Is/Was it被强调部分that/who句子其他部分？Was it Tom who was
13、 to blame？就是汤姆应负责任吗？特殊疑问句特殊疑问词is/was itthat句子其他部分？The patient looks much better.What is it that has made him what he is today？那个病人看上去好多了。是什么让他变成今天这样的呢？强调句的特殊句式结构构成例句not until句式It is/was not until.that句子其他部分 It was not until midnight that we got home because of traffic jams.因为交通阻塞，直到半夜我们才到家。not.but.句
14、式It is not.that.，but./It is not.but.that.It is not quantity but quality that counts.重要的不是数量而是质量。 3用助动词强调谓语如果要强调时态为一般现在时或一般过去时的肯定句中的谓语动词，我们在该动词前加助动词do, does或did。Many of the films are from the USA, but we do give awards to films from other countries.许多电影来自于美国，但我们的确也给其他国家的影片颁奖。He did come to see you la
15、st Sunday, but you were out.他上周日的确来看过你，但是你出去了。【举一反三】 It was with great joy _ Tom received the news _ his lost son had been found. 【答案】that that热点题型四 省略句例4、Im sorry to tell you that you made a mistake in your test.How can that be? I did it as _ (tell) in class.【解析】根据结构可知考查状语从句中省去“主语be”的形式。tell的逻辑主语是I，两者之间为被动关系，故填told。句意：很抱歉告诉你，你在考试中犯了一个错误。怎么会这样？我
