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1、Grammar The Noun Clauses,名词性从句,在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句(Subject Clause)、宾语从句(Object Clause)、表语从句(Predicative Clause) 和同位语从句(Appositive Clause,Who will win the match is still unknown. I want to know what he has told you. T
2、he fact is that we have lost the game. The news that we won the game is exciting.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,Subject Clause (主语从句) Object Clause (宾语从句) Noun clause Predicative Clause (表语从句),_ the earth is round is true. _ she will come or not is still a question. _ you are doing seems very difficult. _ th
3、ey will start has not been decided yet.,That,Whether,What,When,主语从句,引导主语从句的连词是不能省略的。 That the earth is round is true. That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如： It is true that the earth is round. Its a pity that you should have to leave. 你非走不可真是件憾事。,Attention,2.表示“是否”意义时，一般用whether 而不用 if引导主语从句， Whether
4、 she will come or not is still a question . 但如果有形式主语 it引导时，既可用 whether，也可用 if。 e.g. It is still a question if she will come . 3.有时可用形式主语it 代替主语从句： e.g. It is still a question whether she will come . It has not been decided yet when they will start .,1. _ you dont like him is none of my business. A.
5、What B. Who C. That D. Whether,2. _ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter,练一练！,what与that在引导名词性从句时的区别: what引导名词性从句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语,宾语,表语,表示的.而that则不然,它在句子中只起连接作用,没有意义. (1) What you said yesterday is right. (2) That the earth goes around the sun
6、is well-known to everybody.,3. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who 4. _the sports meet will be held depends on the weather. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That,5. _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. T
7、here B. This C. That D. It,6. When and why he came here _ yet. A . is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not bee 7. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _ our astronauts desire to do is to walk in space. A. where B. what C. that D. how 8. It worried Mary a lot _ she wou
8、ld pass the college entrance examination. A. whether B. if C. that D. how,一个句子在复合句中充当宾语就叫宾语从句。 Do you know _ he is ? Im glad _ you have passed the exam . I dont know whether (if) you are willing to help me .,It depends on _ he is coming or not .,where,宾语从句,(that ),whether,She will give _ needs help
9、a warm support.,whoever,特别提示 1.由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。,He told us (that) he was a doctor and that he would go to BeiJing.,2.下列宾语从句 必须用whether 引导， 不可用if: a. 从句后有or not 时，不可用if : I dont know whether he will come or not . b. 介词宾语通常用 whether 引导: It depend
10、s on whether he is coming or not . c. 后接动词不定式时。 Can you tell me whether to go or to stay?,3. 用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。 Do you know how old he is? I want to know what he has told you. She always thinks of how s
11、he can work well. She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。,4. think, believe, imagine, suppose等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如： We dont think you are here. 我们认为你不在这。 I dont believe he will do so. 我相信他不会这样做。,He asked _ for a violin（MET1992） A. did I pay ho
12、w much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 2It is generally considered unwise to give a child _he or she wants. (NMET1997) A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 3. Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster _ he had done the day before. A .that B. how C .wh
13、at D. where,4. The old man smiled when he saw how pretty _ up to be during the past few years. A. had his daughter grown B. would his daughter grow C. his daughter would grow D. his daughter had grown 5. Have you seen Mary lately? My boss wants to know _. A. how she is getting along B. how is she ge
14、tting along C. what she is getting along D. what is she getting along,6. I dont doubt _ hell come. A. that B. if C. what D. whether 7. Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not. A. if B. where C. whether D. that 8.It depends on _ we will be ready in time. A. whether B. th
15、at C. if D. when,表语从句 一个句子在复合句中充当表语就叫表语从句. 表语从句放在连系动词后，如：be，seem, remain等，有时用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语 + 系动词 + 从句。 e.g. The problem is that I am short of money. China is no longer what she used to be . The question is how we can get there . It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。,特别提醒 1. 表语从句中的时态不受主句的限制. 2. 表语从句是不用 if 引导的,要用whether. 3. 主语是reason时，表语从句常用that，不用because. The reason for his absence was that he was ill.,What the doctors really doubt is _ my moth
