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1、Nothing brave, nothing have.,不入虎穴，焉得虎子。,Unit 5 Grammar,同位语从句,Noun Clauses as the appositive,展,示,目,1.Knowledge aims: To grasp the rules and usages of noun clause as the appositive. 2.Ability aims: Enable to use the grammar rules correctly. 3.Happy aims: Enjoy the process of English learning.,任,务,学,1.
2、 To learn the concept of noun clauses as the appositive. 2. To learn the usages and structures of the grammar. 3. To distinguish the differences between the attributive clause and noun clauses as the appositive. 4.Doing exercises. 5.Summay.,身,导,入,热,1. The news that we won the game is exciting. 2. I
3、have no idea when he will come back home. 3. Word came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 4. They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.,观察下列句子划红线的部分。,上面句子划红线的部分在句中作名词的同位语从句，对名词 进一步解释，说明名词的 具体内容。 你能找出它们所解释 的名词吗？,1. The news that we won the game is exciting. 2. I have n
4、o idea when he will come back home. 3. Word came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 4. They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.,The news,idea,Word,the question,学,习,自,1. 什么是同位语？,2.同位语的表现形式有哪几种？,3.什么是同位语从句？,4. 同位语的表现形式有哪几种？,5. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别有哪些？,同位语是句子成分的一种, 它位于名词、代词后面
5、, 说明它们的性质和情况, 它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。,同位语 the Appositive,语,法,精,解,一,同位语的表现形式有以下几种： (1) 名词 Tom, our monitor, is a handsome boy. (2) 代词 I myself will do the experiment. (3) 数词 She is the oldest among them six.,(4) 从句 He told me the news that the plane had exploded. 他告诉我飞机爆炸的消息。 (5) 由such as, that is引导 So
6、me subjects, such as maths and physics, are very difficult to learn. 某些学科,例如数学和物理,是很难学的。,(6) 由 of 引导 The city of Danzhou has been greatly changed over these years. 这几年，儋州市发生了很大的变化。,(7) 由 or 引导 The freezing temperature, or freezing point, is the temperature at which water freezes under ordinary press
7、ure. 结冰温度即冰点,是水在常压下结冰时的温度。,语,法,精,解,二,同位语从句 the Appositive clause (1) 同位语从句的定义 在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种。它在句中起同位语的作用。,它一般放在fact, news, idea, truth , hope , problem, information, belief, thought, doubt, promise, question 等名词的后面,对前面的名词作进一步的解释,说明前面名词的具体含义。引导同位语从句的词有连词that,连接副词how, when, where,
8、 whether 等。,e.g. The hope that he may recover is not gone yet. The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved. I have no idea when he will come back.,同位语从句有时被别的词把它和名词隔开：,The story goes that William Tell killed the king with an arrow. Word came that their team had won., 同
9、位语从句的表现形式: 由that引导 The fact that you havent enough time to do the work is simply unbelievable. The hope that he may come here is not gone yet.,The news that he has been elected president of the United States is true. The truth that heavy objects and light objects fall at the same speed is known to a
10、ll. The problem that she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists.,当被解释的名词是demand，advice，order，suggestion，request，requirement等表示建议、要求、命令的词时，其后所跟同位语从句的的谓语动词要用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。,The order (that) we received yesterday was that we (should) send a few people to help the other gro
11、ups. 我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组。, 由whether引导 The question whether we need more time to do the work has not been discussed. 由when引导 I have no idea when they will go., 有时可用 namely (即), that is to say (也就是说), in other words (换句话说), that is (那就是), for example 等引出同位语, 说明其前面的名词或代词。有时同位语直接跟在名词或代词的后面。,He t
12、old us the good news, namely, the museum is open to all. There is only one way of improving your English , that is , to practice more. Altogether Dolly had lived for six years, half the length of the life of the original sheep.,同位语从句与定语从句区别,1. 从词类上区别 同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea, fact, news, hope, belief, sugg
13、estion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order等有一定内涵的名词，而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或是整个主句。,He told me the news that he would come home from aboard soon.,Word came that he had been abroad. 据说他已经出国了。 Our team has won the game, which made us very happy. 我们的队赢了, 这让我们很高兴。,(同位语从句)
14、,(定语从句),2.从性质上区别 定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或 限制，属于形容词性从句的范畴；而同 位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进 一步的说明和解释，属于名词性从句 的范畴。如:,The news that our team has won the game is true. 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。 (同位语从句, 补充说明news到底是一个什 么消息) The news that he told me yesterday was true. 昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。 (定语从句, news在从句中作told的宾语),3. 从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别 有些引导词如h
15、ow, whether, what 可以 引导同位语从句, 但不能引导定语从句。 如: That question whether we need it has not been considered. 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。 (同位语从句),4.引导词that引导定语从句时，在从句中一般作主语或宾语 (指物时还可以用which代替)，并且作宾语时常常省略，that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用，不充当任何成分，并且不能省略，也不能用which来代替。如:,The order that we should send a few people to help the other grou
16、ps was received yesterday. 我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的 命令昨天收到了。 (同位语从句, 是对order的具体解释 that虽不作成分, 但不能省略),The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups. 我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个 人去帮助别的几个小组。 (定语从句, 是名词order的修饰语, that 在从句中作received的宾语, 可以省略),The news that we had successfully sent up another communication satellite spread th
