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1、美联英语提供：医学英语：口腔疾病就诊英语对话小编给你一个美联英语官方试听课申请链接：http:/ Nurse ， would you like to tell me something about caries?Nurse： Of course . What do you want to know?P： What causes dental caries?N： Its mainly caused by certain organisms of the oral flora . It is an irreversible ， slowly progressive decay of the har
2、d tissues . It leads to a disintegration of tooth structures and cavitation.P： I wonder if the lesions occus predominantly in particular regions of the tooth?N： Thats right . Its also connected with the defect of the structure of the tooth。P： What is the defect of the structure of the tooth?N： It me
3、ans the dyspasia of the dentine or the uneven squeezingly positioned teeth and the physically defect with sulci and fossae on the teeth.P： How can we prevent this disease?N： The first . its very important that you pay more attention to the dental hygiene . You should brush your teeth twice a day . o
4、nce in the morning ， and once in the evening . The upper row of the teeth should be brushed first ， then the lower row . All the crevices must be cleared of remnant food . Besides that . you should rinse your mouth after meals . The second ， take less sweet food ， especially for children . Dont take
5、 fermented food before you go to bed or wake up at night ， such as candy or biscuit . The third ， come here for periodical checkups once or twice a year . Caries may progress microscopically a considerable period of time before the lesion can be observed clinically in the tooth strucure . Generally
6、if the cavity is not deep ， youll have no symptom， so you should have the permanent filling in case that the cavity may get bigger . The fourth ， the methods in using immunization ， laser and coating material to prevent caries are still being carried out in tests . The fifth ， to build up your healt
7、h is very important.P： Its very kind of you to answer my questions.病人：护士，您能给我讲讲龋齿吗?护士：当然可以，您想了解什么?龋齿是由什么引起的?护士：龋齿是由口腔菌丛中的某些细菌所引起的。它是在牙齿硬组织中发生的一种不可逆的缓慢进行腐蚀过程，导致牙齿组织崩解及腔洞形成。病人：该病变是否主要发生在牙齿的一些特殊部位?护士：晃的，它知牙齿的结构有缺陷有关。病人：什么是牙齿结构上的缺陷呢?护士：那是指牙齿的硬组织发育不良或牙位拥挤，排列不齐，以及牙齿站的沟窝等生理缺陷。病人：如何预防龋齿病呢?护士：第一，注意口腔卫生非常重要。每
8、日应刷牙两次，早晚各一次。先刷上牙，后刷下牙。要把牙缝里的残余食物都刷干净。除此之外，饭后要漱口。第二，少吃甜食，特别是儿童。不要在睡前或半夜醒来时吃可发酵的食物，如糖果、饼干等。第三，定期来这里检查，一年 1-2 次。在临床上能够观察到牙齿结构病变之前，显微镜下龋齿病的进展可能已持续了相当长的时期。一般龋洞不深时，无任何症状，所以应该早期填充以免龋洞扩大。第四，关于免疫防龋，激光防龋，使用防龋涂料等，现仍在试验阶段。第五，重要的是增进身体健康。病人：非常感谢您给我解答了这么多问题。牙龈炎patient： Nurse ， my gums bleed when I brush my teeth
9、. I dont know why .nurse ： How long has it been like this?P： For about 5months.N： Open your mouth . Let me have a look There are a lot of dental calculus and odontolith on your teeth . They can stimulate the edge of the gums and cause inflammation and bleding of the gums.P： What are dental calculus
10、and odontolith?N： The dental calculus is the soft calculs on the surface of teeh or at the edge of gums . It appears yello or grey . Its soft and easy to remove . The odontolith is the hard calcified or calcifying lump which is mainly formed by dental plaque . Its hard and dificult to remove.P： How
11、to remove the dental calculus and odontolith?N： The doctors can do it . They remove them with a special instrument or an ultrasonic scaler.P： Thats wonderful . Could you please say something more about ultrasonic curettage?N： Ultrasonic curettage is an effective method of debridement of the soft tis
12、sue walls of periodontal pockets ， and histological studies of tissue excised after curettage have shown that healing occurs by epithelialization of the sulcuar surface and resolution of inflammation in the gingival corium . The ultrasonic technique is equally as effective as conventional hand instr
13、umentation in calculus removal ， but less effective in stain removal . Of course it is more rapid than hand instrumentation.P： Have you found any adverse effects on the tissue of the periodontium?N： No.P： Can we prevent dental calculus and odontolith?N： The most important thing is to pay more attent
14、ion to dental hygiene . Especially you should learn to brush your teeth correctly.P： I brush them horizontally.N： Thats a wrong way . The correct way is to brush them up and down . To brush them horizontally may rub all the natural enamel off . I think it is also very important to select a suitable
15、toothbrush . The head of the toothbrush should not be too long or too short .For adults ， the length of the head of the brush is not more than 35mm ， the width is not more than 13mm . For children ， the length is not more than 28mm ， the width is not more than 11mm . For infants ， the length is ont
16、more than 25mm ， the width is not more than 8mm.P： I have learned a lot . Thank you very much.N： Not at all.P： I want to have my teeth cleansed . Could you make an appoinment for me ?N： All right . The doctor has got rather a full day tomorrow ， You can come here at 10 the day after tomorrow.P： All right . Good bye.N： Good bye.病人：护士，我刷牙时牙龈出血，不知道是什么原因?护士：这种情况有多长时间了?病人：大约有 5 个月了。护士：张开嘴，让我看看。 在您的牙齿上有很多牙垢和牙石。它们可以刺激牙龈的边缘而引起
