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1、Unit2 Grammar and Usage,Modal verbs,Review,studying aims,1.Review modal verbs. 2.Learn to use modal verbs with exercises.,Whats the definition of modal verbs?,情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪,态度或语气的动词,但不能单独作谓语, 只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。,What are the functions of modal verbs?,一. We use modal verbs to talk about:,1. Abi
2、lity （能力） 2. Obligation （义务） 3. Certainty （可能性） 4. Permission （允许）,二.We also use modal verbs to:,5. Make requests（提出请求） 6. Make suggestions（提出建议） 7. Make offers（提供帮助） 8. Give advice（提出意见）,How can we deal with exercises concerning modal verbs?,Functions & usage of modal verbs,Language context (上下文、语境
3、),Thinking,Functions & usage of modal verbs,Language context (上下文、语境),表能力的情态动词： can/could be able to,情态动词表示能力 情态动词表示能力时，一般用cancould或be able to。 1.can常指现在，较常用；如果只表示能力时，两者都可用。 e.g. I can / am able to swim. 2.be able to 可用于各种时态 e.g. We shall be able to finish the work next week. 侧重于“克服一定困难”“经过一定努力”“有能力
4、”干某事 can 只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种 时态 客观上能够,即讲即练 The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to 答案：D,情态动词表示推测的用法 （语气从强到弱） 1._所表示的可能性最大，最有把握，意为“一定”。 2.can和could主要用于_句和_句中，cant或couldnt 表示“不可能”。 3.may和might表示现在或将来可能发生的动作或情况，主要用于_句中，might相对于may来说，
5、表示的可能性更小一些。,mustshouldcancouldmaymight,must,否定,疑问,肯定,注意： 1 表示猜测，can/could一般不用于肯定句中，除非是“经验之谈”。 e.g. Anybody can make mistakes. 2 表示猜测，may和might都不用于疑问句中。 e.g. (正) Can Could it be cloudy tomorrow？ (误) May Might it be cloudy tomorrow？,4. should也可以用来表示“推测”，意为“可能；该”，相当于be expected to。往往指具有一定的客观根据或根据推理对现在某
6、事发生的“可能性”进行描述，语气上不如must强。 Its nearly seven oclock. Jack _ be here at any moment. A. must B. need C. should D. can 答案：C,情态动词表示“许可”、“允许”的用法 can/could/may/might 过去式could常用于疑问句中，比can更加委婉，表示礼貌。回答时，常用原形can或者may，不可再用过去式could/might。 e.g. Can/May/Could I use your pen? 肯定简略回答： Yes, you can/may. Yes, please. 否
7、定简略回答： No, you mustnt. Please dont. _No, you may not.,即讲即练 Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of course you _. A. might B. will C. can D. should 答案：C,Some of us can use the computer now, but we couldnt last year. It will be sunny in the daytime, but it could rain later on this evening. -Can I go n
8、ow? -Yes, you can. Could you wait a few days for the money? This cant/couldnt be done by him.,表示“能力”,表示“客观可能性”,表示“请求和允许”,表示“请求”,口语中代替can,使语气更委婉,主要用于疑问句,答语用can.-Could I use your bike tomorrow? Yes,_. No, _.,表示不相信的态度(主要用于否定句,疑问句和感叹句中)”,you can,Im afraid not,1. can和could,Attention:,1.can/be able to区别:,
9、can表示与生俱来的能力或一种客观可能，而be able to更加强调通过后天的学习和努力获得的能力，或者在某个客观的场合和背景下，能做到的事情。,表示特定的某一过去能力或表示成功地做了某事时，只能用was/were able to， 不能用could。,He _ flee Europe before the war broke out.,Note：,was able to,A big fire broke out in ABC hotel yesterday. Luckily, everyone _ run out of the building.,was able to,2. She _
10、speak both English and French.,can,I cant thank you too much.,can never/canttoo表示“无论怎样也不过分”，“越越好” 。,你过马路的时候再小心也不为过。,You cant be too careful while crossing the road.,May I watch TV after supper? Yes,_./ No, _. Might I use your telephone? May I go home now? It may be true. She may come tomorrow. He mi
11、ght have some fever. May you succeed! May you have many more days as happy as this one!,you may,You mustnt,允许,许可,禁止,阻止,Might比May的语气更委婉,表示可能性的推测,译为“大概,可能”用might时显得更加不肯定,用于祈使句表示祝愿,2. May 和Might,A computer _ think for itself; it must be told what to do. A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might not,A,may
12、_ can_,表主观“可能”,表客观“可能”,cannot_ may not_,不可能,可能不,may 和can,They_ be doing the experiment in the lab. Why？ Because the lights are still burning.,A.could B.can C.must D.would,must表主观意志，而have to表由于客观因素不得不做完成的事情。 must没有过去式，除在间接引语中可表示过去的时间。在直接引语中表示过去的时间用had to代替。 I told her that she must give up smoking.,比
13、较must & have to,Its getting late. I have to leave now. （客观需要）,- Whats the name? - Khulaifi. _ I spell that for you? Shall B. Would C. Can D. Might,4.shall/should,（10江苏） I havent got the reference book yet, but Ill have a test on the subject next month. Dont worry. You_ have it by Friday. A. could B.
14、 shall C. must D.may,解析：shall在第二人称中表示允诺，还可以表示强制，命令，威胁，警告。还有在法律条文中的要求或规定。,答案：B,You shall be punished for what youve done.,你一定会因为你的所作所受到惩罚。,The old man _have a smoke under a big tree every afternoon after he finished his farm work.,would,5.will/would,可表示经常性、习惯性、倾向性。翻译为“经常、惯于、总是”。,will 表示意志，愿望，决心。 I wi
15、ll give up smoking. -Write to me when you get home. -_. A. I must B.I should C.I will D.I can 答案：C “我会的“,主语若为无生命的东西，wont 不表示意 志，而用来谈论事物的自然属性，表示拒 绝，意为“不肯”、“就是不”、或“怎 么也不能”。 The window wont open. =The window refuses to open. 这窗户打不开。 e.g.Ive tried several times, but the car just _. A. doesnt start B. wouldnt start C. wont start D. didnt start,C,6.可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need 、 dare,情态动词 (+动词原形),行为动词,.,need,dare,1.无人称和数的变化;,2.尤其用于：,*否定句及疑问句中;,*在if/wheth
