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1、专题十五 定语从句,2019 全新版,(6年6考；单项填空&短文填空) 分析广东近6年中考真题可知，定语从句是广东中考英语的必考点之一(共11.5分), 主要考查定语从句中关系代词(which, that, who)的用法。20132017年在单项填空中考查，2018年在短文填空中考查了定语从句的引导词。,考点精讲,易错盘点,解题技巧,试题精练,在复合句中充当定语的句子称为定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词(也叫关系词)。如：,考点精讲,1. 由that引导的定语从句(2016、2014广东中考) 一般情况下，that既可指人，也可指物，在从句中作主语或宾语
2、，但不能作介词的宾语。如： Do you know the girl that often comes here? 你认识经常来这里的那个女孩儿吗？(指人，作主语) He is the boy that I talked with just now. 他就是刚才和我说话的那位男孩儿。(指人，作宾语),考点 关系代词的基本用法,My brother likes the books that were written by Mark Twain. 我弟弟喜欢马克吐温写的书。(指物，作主语) The gift that I received yesterday was from my mother.
3、 昨天我收到的礼物是我母亲寄来的。(指物，作宾语) 2. 由who, whom和whose引导的定语从句(2018、2017、2013广东中考) who, whom和whose只可指人。who 在从句中作主语，whom在从句中作宾语，whose在从句中作定语。如：,This is the thief who stole my car. 这就是偷我的车的那个小偷。(指人，作主语) Mrs.Jones is the person for whom you should wait. 琼斯太太就是那个你应该等的人。(指人，作宾语) Whats the name of the boy whose fat
4、her is a doctor? 父亲是一名医生的那个男孩儿的名字是什么？(指人，作定语),3. 由which引导的定语从句(2015广东中考) which指物，在从句中可以作主语或宾语。如： The book which Mum bought me last week is called The Old Man and the Sea. 妈妈上周给我买的那本书是老人与海。(指物，作主语) The story which he told was very interesting. 他讲的那个故事很有趣。(指物，作宾语),1. 只用关系代词that的情况： (1)先行词是不定代词somethin
5、g, anything, everything, nothing, all, little, few, much, some, none等时。如： This is all that I want to say at the meeting. 这就是所有我在会上要说的。 (2)先行词被the only, the very, the last等修饰时。如： This is the very book that Im looking for. 这正是我在找的那本书。,考点 关系代词的特殊用法,(3)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如： This is the first letter that
6、Ive written in Japanese. 这是我用日语写的第一封信。 (4)先行词中既有人又有物时。如： They talked about the teachers and schools that they had visited. 他们谈论了他们拜访过的教师和学校。 (5)当主句中含有疑问词who或which时。如： Who is the man that is standing over there? 站在那边的那位男士是谁？,2. 关系代词只能用who的情况： (1)先行词是one, anyone, everyone, all, none(指人)等时。如： One who d
7、oes not work hard will never succeed. 不努力工作的人永远不会成功。 (2)当先行词指人且有较长的后置定语时。如： I met a foreigner in the street who could speak Chinese well. 我在街上遇到一位可以把中文说得很好的外国人。,(3)当those作先行词指人时。如： Those who had good manners will be respected. 有礼貌的人会受到人们的尊重。 (4)当主语是I, he, she, they等时，常用在谚语、格言中，要用who。如： He who plays
8、with fire gets burned. 玩火者自焚。 (5)有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词用了that，另一个要用who。 如： The boy that you met just now is our monitor who studies hard. 你刚才遇见的那个男孩儿是我们的班长，他学习很努力。,3. 关系代词只能用which的情况： (1)关系代词放在介词之后。如： This is the place in which we once lived. 这是我们曾经生活过的地方。 (2)that, those作主语指物时，关系词只能用which。如： Those which a
9、re on the desk are English books. 桌子上的那些是英语书。 (3)引导非限制性定语从句，只能用which。如： This is a famous book, which was written by Lu Xun. 这是鲁迅写的一本著名的书。,1. when在定语从句中作时间状语，其先行词是year, season, day等。如： I never forgot the day when we met in the airport. 我永远不会忘记我们在飞机场见面的那一天。 2. where在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词是place, school, room
10、等。如： He is looking for a place where trees can grow in water. 他正在找一个树可以生长在水里的地方。,考点 关系副词的用法,3. why在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词为the reason。如： Do you know the reason why he was absent today? 你知道他今天没来的原因吗？,1. (2018广东短文填空节选). One of them was from his father _was strict with him and his brother. ( )2. (2017广东)Accord
11、ing to a survey, people _ are able to speak two languages can manage two things at the same time more easily. Awhich Bwhom Cwhose Dwho,who/that,D,( )3. (2016广东)Great changes have taken place in our city in the past ten years. Everything _ comes into sight is so new to me. Athat Bwhich Cwho Dwhom ( )
12、4. (2015广东)Running man is a very relaxing TV program _ is hot among the young people. Awhat Bwhich Cwho Dwhom,A B,( )5. (2014广东)When Robinson Crusoe got to the island, the first thing _he did was to look for some food. Awho Bthat Cwhich Dwhom ( )6. (2013广东)The young lady _ is interviewing Lin Zhixua
13、n about the program I am a singer is from 21st Century Talent Net. Awho Bwhom Cwhich Dwhose,B A,( )7. (2018珠海市紫荆中学三模)Who was the student _ was absent yesterday? Mary was. Athat Bwho Cwhom Dwhich ( )8. (2018珠海市九洲中学三模)A student _ is always helping others is worth being praised. Awhich Bwho Cwhere Dwhe
14、n,A B,( )9. (2018珠海市文园中学模拟)Would you like to help me search the latest news about super stars _ I can use in my report. The latest? Anderson renewed a contact for another seven years with Manchester. Awhom Bwho Cthat Dwhich ( )10. (2018惠州市惠阳区模拟)I like places _ are not too hot in summer. Awho Bwhom C
15、which Dwhat,C C,注意根据讲解的关系代词的特殊用法，掌握使用关系代词that，who和which的特殊情况。 ( )11. This is one of the most beautiful cities _ I have ever visited. Awho Bthat Cwhich Dwhere,易错盘点,易错点 定语从句引导词的误用,B,( )12. “Underground” is the only word in the English language _ begins and ends with the letters “und” Awhat Bthat Cwho
16、Dwhom ( )13. Those _ want to go to park come here, please. Athat Bwhich Cwho Dwhom,B C,( )14. A friend is someone _ says, “What! You too? I thought I was the only one!” Awho Bwhich Cwhat Dwhose ( )15. These trees, _ I planted three years ago, were cut by government. Awhere Bwho Cthat Dwhich,A D,一看指人还是物；二看句中作何用(所作成分)；三看是否属特殊。 例 This is the best
