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1、句子类型【要点提示】英语句子按其结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。1. 简单句由一个主语部分和一个谓语部分组成，其五种基本句型分别为：“主语 + 不及物动词”、“主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语”、“主语 + 系动词 + 表语”、“主语 + 双宾动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语”、“主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”。2. 并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句（即分句）组成。常用的连词或副词有and, but, or, then, so等。3. 复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。初中阶段要求掌握宾语从句和状语从句的简单用法。【考点分述】句子类型的考点主要集中在复合句上面，下面就初中
2、阶段需要掌握的复合句的用法作一归纳。1. 宾语从句1）由that引导的宾语从句。有大量的动词可以接that引导的宾语从句，如advise, agree, believe, decide, find, hear, hope, insist, know, learn, mean, realize, say, see, show, suggest, tell, think, wish等。2）由连接代（副）词引导的宾语从句。这类连接代（副）词主要有what, who, which, where, why, how, whether, if等。3）直接引语变间接引语时常用到宾语从句。2. 状语从句1）时
3、间状语从句。时间状语从句通常由when, while, as, since, after, before, as soon as, till / until等引导。其中需要我们注意的是：当主句是一般将来时，时间状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来。例如：I wont go out until my mother returns.2) 地点状语从句。地点状语从句通常由where，wherever等引导。3) 原因状语从句。原因状语从句通常由because,since, as等引导。其中需要我们注意的是：because 和 so 不能同时出现一个句子中。例如：Because she failed aga
4、in, so she was unhappy. （）She failed again, so she was unhappy. （）4) 条件状语从句。条件状语从句通常由if, unless等引导。其中需要我们注意的是：当主句是一般将来时，条件状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来。例如：If you will work hard, youll succeed. （）If you work hard, youll succeed. （）5) 目的状语从句。目的状语从句通常由so that, in order that等引导。6) 结果状语从句。结果状语从句通常由so, so .that, such .
5、 that等引导。其中需要我们注意的是：在such . that引导的结果状语从句中，such 后接名词, 在so . that引导的结果状语从句中，so后接形容词或副词。当名词前有many, few, much, little等词时，通常用so，而不用such。例如：Eric was so good at Maths that he got the first place in the Maths contest.He gave me such good advice that I finished the task easily.Mike had so little money that
6、he was unable to buy a mobile phone.7) 让步状语从句。让步状语从句通常由even though, even if, although, though等来引导。其中需要我们注意的是：在含有although或though引导的让步状语从句的复合句中，主句不能同时出现but。例如：Although / Though he is famous, but he is not happy. （）Although / Though he is famous, he is not happy. （）8) 方式状语从句。方式状语从句通常由as引导。9) 比较状语从句。比较状
7、语从句通常由as / so .as，than等引导。【专项练习】. 请根据汉语句子意思，将下列句子译成英语。1. 她很早就到了。_2. 这种纸摸起来很柔软。_3. 你能把那本字典递给我吗？_ 4. 我停下来找那支钢笔，但没找到。_5. 上个月我们选了他当班长。_6. 我听见那个女孩在隔壁房间唱歌。_7. 他的女儿嫁给了一个工程师。_8. 湖里有许多鱼。_9. 这就是你想要的那本杂志。_10. 我认为他在八点前不会回来的。_. 请从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。( )1. We wont get there on time _ we leave early tomorrow
8、morning.A. ifB. unlessC. whenD. because( )2. _they had finished their work, they went home.A. WhenB. While C. AfterD. Until( )3. The students cant answer the question, _ it is too hard.A. before B. although C. afterD. because( )4. He didnt go home _the rain stopped.A. whenB. afterC. sinceD. until( )
9、5. Have you found your gloves?Yes, they were lying _ I often put my watch.A. whatB. which C. howD. where( )6. He wants to find a better job_ he canmake more money.A. as soon asB. so thatC. whereD. while( )7. You must take the medicine_ you get well.A. whileB. sinceC. tillD. so( )8. The old man helpe
10、d lots of children with their schooling, _he was not rich enough.A. ifB. unlessC. sinceD. though( )9. Why dont you join the basketball club? _I am not interested in it.A. BecauseB. ForC. AsD. Since ( )10. _ he is rich, _there is something that he cant buy.Yes. Such as friendship and love.A. Because,
11、 不填B. Though, 不填C. Because, soD. Though, but ( )11._he is old, he is healthy enough.A. If B. But C. As soon as D. Although( )12. _I thought the book was boring, the other students in my class liked it.A. SoB. BecauseC. AlthoughD. If( )13. You will make great progress_ you study very hard.A. ifB. unl
12、essC. beforeD. until( )14. How long have you been collecting stamps? _I was ten years old.A. WhenB. SinceC. BeforeD. After( )15._ I didnt feel well yesterday, I asked for leave.A. Although B. ButC. Unless D. Because( )16. Where is my radio?You lent it to me _ you were in the classroom yesterday.A. whenB. where C. because D. before( )17. You should ask for your motherssuggestions _ you make your own decision.A. afterB. beforeC. untilD. as( )18. He met many difficulties _he waslooking for his first job.A. beforeB. as soon asC. whileD. until( )19. You can cross the street_ the traffic li
