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1、版权所有:中国好课堂 语法初识 原句感知 自主探究1.With this extra evidence, John Snow was able to announce with certainty that pollutedwater carried the virus.2From the stomach the disease quicklyattacked the body and soon the affected person died.3So many thousands of terrified peopledied every time there was an outbreak
2、.4He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.5But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.(1)例句 1、2 、3、4 中的过去分词 (短语)在句中作定语。(2)例句 1、2 、3 中为单个的过去分词作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的前面；例句 4 中过去分词短语作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的后面。(3)例句 5 中的过去分词在句中作表语。语法剖析版权所有:中
3、国好课堂 语法点一 过去分词作定语1过去分词作定语时的位置(1)前置定语一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前。The polluted water was to blame for the spread of cholera. 被污染的水造成了霍乱的传播。Many used computers will be sold in this market.很多二手电脑将在这个市场出售。点津 有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也放在所修饰的名词之后，如 left(剩余的)，given(所给的 )，concerned (有关的) 等。Theres few tigers left.
4、It is time for the departments concerned to take measures to protect them from dying out.剩余的老虎不多了，是相关当局采取措施保护它们免遭灭绝的时候了。如果被修饰的词是由 every/some/any/no 与 thing/body/one 所构成的复合代词或指示代词 those 等，单个分词放在被修饰词的后面。Is there anything unsolved?还有什么没解决的吗？(2)后置定语过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。Mrs. White sh
5、owed her students some old maps borrowed from the library ( which were borrowed from the library)怀特夫人向学生们展示了一些从图书馆借来的老地图。版权所有:中国好课堂 即时演练 111.单句语法填空The specialist referred (refer) to at the meeting will give us a lecture next week. The island, joined (join) to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go
6、to.12.句型转换The players selected from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.The players who were selected from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.The rare fish, which was saved from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea.The rare
7、fish, saved from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea.2过去分词作定语时的意义(1)及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示被动；在时间上，常表示动作已经发生或完成，有时也不表示时间性。(2012湖南高考)Time, used correctly, is money in the bank. (表被动)时间如果用得正确的话，就是存在银行里的钱。Tsinghua University, founded in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures. (表被动
8、和完成)建立于 1911 年的清华大学是大量杰出人物的所在地。(2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语，它不表示被动意义，只强调动作完成。Our retired soccer coach went to watch us play a game last week.上周我们已退休的足球教练去看我们打了一场比赛。The risen sun is shining brightly in the morning.早上已升起的太阳正明亮地闪耀。版权所有:中国好课堂 即时演练 2请判断下列句子中的过去分词作定语属于哪种情况A只表被动B只表完成C既表被动又表完成America is a developed cou
9、ntry. B I found it hard to understand the English (that was) spoken by the native villagers. A Is there anything planned for the weekend？ C 3过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别意义形式 语态 时态过去分词 被动 完成现在分词 主动 进行Look over there theres a very long, winding path leading up to the house.看那里有一条长长的蜿蜒的小路通向那所房子。The visitor came fro
10、m a developed country.这位游客来自于一个发达国家。即时演练 3完成句子Who is the man followed by a group of students?后面跟着一群学生的那位男士是谁？A professor doing research on physics.做物理研究的一位教授。版权所有:中国好课堂 The next thing he saw was smoke rising from behind the house.紧接着，他看到从房子后面升起了烟。4过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态 (being done)与动词不定式的被动语态(to be d
11、one)作定语的区别意义形式 语态 时态 done 被动 完成being done 被动 进行to be done 被动 尚未发生The building built last year is our classroom building.去年建造的楼现在是我们的教学楼。The building being built now is our classroom building.现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼。The building to be built next month is our classroom building.下个月将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼。即时演练 4单句语法填空Th
12、e cars being sold (sell) at the market now are made in Guangzhou.Were having a meeting in half an hour. The decision to be made (make) at the meeting will influence the future of our company.The computer center, opened (open) in 2015, is intended to help the researchers to search for the relevant in
13、formation on the Internet.版权所有:中国好课堂 语法点二 过去分词作表语5过去分词可放在连系动词 be, get, feel, remain, seem, look, become 等词后作表语，表示主语所处的状态。He looked worried after reading the letter.看完信后，他显得很忧虑。When we heard of it, we were deeply moved.当我们听到这件事时，被深深地感动了。即时演练 551.单句语法填空(福建高考)In April, thousands of holidaymakers remain
14、ed stuck (stick) abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.(四川高考)Ladies and gentlemen, please remain seated (seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop.52.完成句子Why do you always look tired?你为什么总是看上去很疲劳？I was disappointed at the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better.我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我原以为它
15、能好看些。6过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态；而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。The cup is broken.版权所有:中国好课堂 杯子破了。(系表结构)The cup was broken by Tom.杯子是汤姆打破的。(被动语态 )即时演练 6对比翻译这本书写得很好。The book is well written.这本书是他去年写的。The book was written by him last year.7感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别：过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常译作“感到的” ；现在分词多表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人的” 。We were surprised at what he said at the meeting.我们对他在会上讲的话很是惊讶。His words are discouraging, which made many people discouraged.他的话令人泄气，使得很多人灰心丧气。点津 英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉的” ，多用来修饰物；其过去分词含有被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的” ，多用来指人、人的声音或表情等。常用的这类词有：exciting
