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1、Religious specialists,Across the societies,Prophet Priest Shaman Medicine Men and women Gurus ( God men and women) Saints (other worldly),http:/ 天津塔吊租赁 河北塔吊租赁 西安塔吊租赁 塔吊租赁 http:/ Webers Ideal Types of Authority based on legitimacy,Rational legal ( is based on written rules or laws and is linked to ex
2、plicit forms of justification like in govt, judiciary, private corporations and Traditional based on passage of time as tradition, heritage Charismatic authority, a divine gift leads to a change, movement or revolution in the field,Saints : charismatic authority,Sorcerers, messiahs, Healers, Diviner
3、s, Shamans etc (examples) Practical help and moral examples to the community Saints as ascetic and “renouncers” can cause tension. As exemplars and helpers Example: Satya Sai Baba,His Holiness Dalai Lama among others,Prophet,Prophet- receiver of “a persona call” revelation & a divine gift Achieve ec
4、static state, healing, divination & telepathy. Max Weber (1978): exemplary and ethical prophet The problem of the prophets continuity with routinization of the movement “Routinize” authority with firm rules to preserve the change Examples: Buddha, Gandhi, Prophet in Sudan, Mormons,Priests,“functioni
5、ng of a regularly organized & permanent enterprise concerned with influencing the gods.” Specialized training Permanently associated with norm, places, & time,Shaman and Priest,Shaman Personal communication with supernatural being Get powers by “divine stroke” Present in many foraging, pastoral as w
6、ell as in agricultural cultures Priests Trained specialist Power from codified rituals Agricultural/industrial societies,Anthropological understanding of Shaman,Present across cultures as a form of spiritual practice Shaman & Medium Shaman as a medium between the spirits who CONTROLS the spirits. sa
7、man an Evenk (Tungus) word meaning one who is excited, moved, raised” a Siberian or Mongolian spiritual practitioner,The Shaman: a Siberian Spiritualist,Psychological benefits Publicly recognized men and women Duties Most important person of the community, center of religion 3 realms of nature ( und
8、erground and the world beyond) Hmong Shamans Shamans as medicine men, healer, diviner, elder,Shamanism: universal science,What are the core functions of a shaman? What are they trying to control and why? What are the human needs they are addressing? How are they healing disease? What mediums? Why it is called a science?,
