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1、Section Grammar,一,二,一、观察下面两组句子,完成练习 A. What he told me was only half-truth. Whatever is worth doing should be done well. Whether he comes or not makes no difference. When we can begin the expedition is still a question. How he is going to do it is a mystery. B. That is why Jack got scolded. The ques
2、tion remains whether we can win the majority of the people. His view of the press was that the reporters were either for him or against him.,一,二,1.指出画线部分的从句类型。 2.找出A、B两组中画线部分的连接词。,答案:1.A.主语从句 B.表语从句 2.A.what,whatever,whether,when,how B.why,whether,that,一,二,二、指出下列各句中句首的it指代的内容 1.It doesnt make much d
3、ifference whether he attends the meeting or not. 2.It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash. 3.It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.,答案:whether he attends the meeting or not,答案:that the pilot could have survived the crash,答案:that she shoul
4、d have failed to see her own shortcomings,一,二,4.It was obvious that his ancestors taught his younger generation little of his own language. 5.It was unknown whether they would be killed or not. 6.It was a secret at first how so many black Africans were sold to America.,答案:that his ancestors taught h
5、is younger generation little of his own language,答案:whether they would be killed or not,答案:how so many black Africans were sold to America,考点一 Subject clauses(主语从句) 如果在句子中担当主语的是一个从句,这个从句就叫做主语从句。 1.主语从句主要有: 由连词that引导的主语从句,考点延伸 阅读下列句子,指出句子的主语。 That you will win the medal seems unlikely. 主语 That you wi
6、ll win the medal That you are so indifferent bothers me. 主语 That you are so indifferent That she survived the accident is a miracle. 主语 That she survived the accident 归纳that 在主语从句中只起连接作用,本身无实际意义,也不担当任何句子成分,但 that 引导的主语从句放在句首时,不能省略 that。,由关联词wh-,-ever,if/whether 引导的主语从句 阅读下列句子,指出句子的主语。 When they will
7、 come hasnt been made public. 主语 When they will come What you need is more practice. 主语 What you need Whatever we do is to serve the people. 主语 Whatever we do Whether she is coming or not doesnt matter too much. 主语 Whether she is coming or not 归纳what、whatever 既有引导词的作用,同时又在从句中作句子成分(主语、宾语、表语等)。这时 what
8、 相当于 all that/everything that.,常译成“所的(东西、事情、话等)”;when在主语从句中作状语;whether在主语从句中不作成分,有“是否”之意。,2.主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。 阅读下列句子,指出句子的主语。 That light travels in straight lines is known to all. =It is known to all that light travels in straight lines. 主语 That light travels in str
9、aight lines When the plane is to take off has not been announced. =It has not been announced when the plane is to take off. 主语 When the plane is to take off 注意 当what引导的主语从句表示“的东西”时,一般不用it作形式主语。,What he wants is a book. 主语 What he wants 注意 如果带主语从句的句子是疑问式,则必须用it作形式主语。 11Has it been decided who will be
10、 sent to carry out the task? 主语 who will be sent to carry out the task 归纳主语从句一般放在句首,但有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免“头重脚轻”,常用 it 作形式主语,而把从句放在后面。,3.It作形式主语的主语从句常见句式 (1)It+be+名词(名词短语)+从句。 It is a fact/question/pity/mystery/surprise/good thing/good news/no wonder/no surprise,etc.+that从句。 12Its no surprise that our team
11、 should have won the game. 13It is a pity that she has made such a mistake. (2)It+be+形容词+that从句。 It+be+obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.+that从句。 14It is certain that the film After Shock was a success. (3)It+be+过去分词+that从句。 It+be+said,reported
12、,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc.+that从句。 15It is said that Mr Green has arrived in Beijing.,(4)It+不及物动词+从句。 It+happens/seems/appears/turns out/occurs+从句 16It turned out that nobody remembered the address. 17It now appears that they are in urgent need of help. 18It happened that I sa
13、w him yesterday. (5)当“及物动词+宾语” 较短时,也可用这种结构。如: 19It shocked me that Peter did not tell anybody where he was. 20It does not interest me whether you go or not. (6)It+某些固定结构+主语从句。 21It doesnt make too much difference/It doesnt make any difference/It doesnt alter the situation whether it rains or not. 22
14、Is it of much consequence to you that Mr Wang has failed to do it?,考点二 Predicative clauses(表语从句) 表语从句在复合句中作表语。 引导表语从句的关联词有: 1.从属连词that 考点延伸 阅读下列句子,指出句子的表语及关联词。 The fact is that they are angry with each other. 表语 that they are angry with each other 关联词 that The trouble is that I have lost his address
15、. 表语 that I have lost his address 关联词 that,2.从属连词whether,as,as if 阅读下列句子,指出句子的表语及关联词。 The question is whether they will be able to help us. 表语 whether they will be able to help us 关联词 whether It looked as if it was going to rain. 表语 as if it was going to rain 关联词 as if 注意 if一般不用来引导表语从句,但as if可引导表语从句
16、,能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be,seem,look等。,3.连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever以及连接副词where,when,how,why等 阅读下列句子,指出句子的表语及关联词。 The problem is who we can get to replace her. 表语 who we can get to replace her 关联词 who That was what she did this morning on the attic. 表语 what she did this morning on the attic 关联词 what The coat is where you left it. 表语 where you left it 关联词 where,一,二,一、写作词汇检测 用所学的单词或短语完成或翻译下列句子。 1.吸引 (1)The dog by the smell of the meat. (
