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1、语法专题复习,第二部分,专题十二 特殊句式,考 点 透 析,在语法填空题中,一些特殊句式,像倒装、省略、强调句型等在近几年的高考中还未涉及到,但也有考查的可能性,因为特殊句式是学生必须掌握的语法知识,是阅读、写作中必须熟悉的,而且在写作中如果能恰当地使用倒装句、强调句型等,更会凸显一个考生的写作亮点,从而得到高分。,真 题 体 验,1(2016江苏,34)Not until recently_they encourage the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas. 解析:句意:直到近期,他们才开始鼓励农村地
2、区与旅游有关的活动的发展。not until位于句首时,句子需用部分倒装结构,此处指过去所发生的动作,需用一般过去时,故答案为did。 2(2015天津,3)Only when Lily walked into the office_she realize that she had left the contract at home. 解析:句意:直到莉莉走进办公室她才意识到她把合同落在家里了。“only状语从句”置于句首时,主句需用部分倒装形式。根据题干中的had left可以推断出设空处应该用一般过去时,故填did。,did,did,3(2015湖南,23)Only after talki
3、ng to two students_I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals. 解析:句意:直到跟两个学生谈过之后,我才意识到有强大的动机是达成目标最关键的因素之一。“only状语”放在句首,后面句子需用部分倒装形式。根据语境可知设空处应该用一般过去时,故答案为did。 4(2013新课标,12)_by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent can the patients be treated pro
4、perly in this hospital. 解析:句意:只有将医生的人数增加50%,病人才能在这家医院得到恰当的治疗。“only状语”置于句首时,句子要部分倒装。其正常语序是:The patients can be treated properly in this hospital only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent.,did,Only,5(2016天津,13)You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel_ the coach picks up touris
5、ts. 解析:句意:你等错地方了。长途客车是在宾馆接游客。考查强调句型。被强调部分为at the hotel,故设空处填that。 6(2015北京,31)If_(accept) for the job, youll be informed soon. 解析:句意:如果你被录取做这个工作,你将很快被通知。本题考查状语从句的省略。完整的句子为:If you are accepted for the job,youll be informed soon。,that,accepted,7(2015湖南,24)Video games can be a poor influence if_(leave)
6、 in the wrong hands. 解析:句意:电子游戏如果落入不对的人的手里就可能有坏的影响。这里考查了leave作及物动词的用法,可以理解为if(the video games are)left in the wrong hands,主从句的主语相同,省略从句中的主语和be动词。 8(2015湖南,31)Always_(keep) in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly. 解析:句意:永远记住:你的主要任务就是让这个公司顺利运作。句子没有主语且表示命令,故为祈使句,答案为keep。,lef
7、t,keep,9(2014北京,24)_(observe) carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab. 解析:句意:在实验室做实验时要仔细观察是否发生了什么变化。本题考查祈使句。if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab为从句,设空处应为动词原形构成祈使句,故填Observe。 10(2016全国卷)It could be anythinggardening, cooking, music, sportsbut whatever it is,
8、 _(make) sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about. 解析:考查祈使句。分析句子结构可知,but连接两个并列分句。第二个分句中,whatever引导让步状语从句,其后为祈使句,可充当主句。,Observe,make,知 识 清 单,考 点 警 示,1当only修饰名词与代词作主语时,不用倒装。 Only Tom can solve the problem. 2however,whatever引导的状语从句的部分倒装。 However difficult the problem
9、 may be,we must work it out this evening. Whatever reasons you have,you should carry out your promise. 3as,though引导让步状语从句时,可以把表语、谓语动词、状语提前构成倒装。如果是单数名词或形容词最高级作表语,不再用冠词。如: Try as he might,he didnt pass the exam. Youngest as he is in our class,he speaks English best.,4“名词with,along with,together with,a
10、s well as,rather than,as much as,but,except等名词”结构作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式与第一个名词保持一致。如: Tom as well as two of his friends was invited to the party.,5集体名词family,class,crew,team,group,public,audience,crowd,government,committee等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式要根据主语所指的意义而定。当把集体名词作为一个整体来看待时,谓语动词常用单数形式;如果指其中各个成员时,谓语动词常用复数形式。如: The class consists of twenty-five boys and twenty girls. 这个班由25个男生和20个女生组成。 The class are doing experiments. 全班学生正在做实验。,6先行词which/who/that(作主语)引导定语从句,从句谓语动词与先行词一致。 one of复数名词关系代词作主语引导的定语从句,从句谓语动词用复数。 the(only)one of复数名词关系代词作主语引导的定语从句,从句谓语动词用单数。,即 学 巩 固,