《ok英美文学选读考前总复习》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《ok英美文学选读考前总复习（14页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、英美文学考前总复习-问答题14英国文学Renaissance 文艺复兴/ William Shakespeare 威廉.莎士比亚-The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人/ Hamlet哈姆雷特/ The Tempest暴风雨/ Narrative poem叙事诗/ Sonnet十四行诗一.William Shakespeare （i）Name his four greatest tragedies.（2）What are the characteristics of the four tragedies in common? (3)Briefly summarize each
2、heros weakness of nature.1. Shakespeares four greatest tragedies are: Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth.2. Each portrays some noble hero, who faces the injustice of human life and is caught in a difficult situation and whose fate is closely connected with the fate of the whole nation.3. Each h
3、ero has his weakness of nature; the old king Lear who is unwilling to totally give up his power; and Macbeths lust for power stirs up his ambition and leads him to incessant crimes1。莎士比亚的四个最大的悲剧：“哈姆雷特”，“奥赛罗”， “李尔王”和“麦克白”。2。每部都描绘一些高贵的英雄，他们面临着生活的不公和陷入困难的情况下，其命运与整个民族的命运紧密相连。3。每个英雄都有他的本质弱点; 老国王 “李尔王”是不愿
4、完全放弃自己的权力;和麦克白的权力欲挑起他的野心，并导致他不断犯下的罪行二. Try to discuss William Shakespeares art of creations.1. Shakespeares major characters are neither merely individual ones nor type ones; they are individuals representing certain types. Each character has his or her own personalities; meanwhile, they may share f
5、eatures with others.2. By applying a psycho-analytical approach, Shakespeare succeeds in exploring the characters inner mind .3. Shakespeare seldom invents his own plots; instead, he borrows them from some old plays or storybooks, or from ancient Greek and Roman sources.4. In his writings, disguise
6、is also an important device to create dramatic irony, usually with woman disguised as man.5. He often wrote skillfully in different poetic forms, like the sonnet, the blank verse, and the rhymed couplet.1。莎士比亚的主要角色既不是个别的也没有类型的，他们是代表某些类型的个人。每个人物都有他或她自己的个性;同时，他们与别人又有共通点。2。莎士比亚通过应用心理分析方法，成功探索人物的内心。3。莎士
7、比亚很少发明自己的情节; 取而代之的是，他借用一些古剧或故事书，或来自古希腊和古罗马资料的来用。4。在他的著作，伪装也是一种重要环节，他经常用男人婆地创造戏剧性的讽刺。5.他经常巧妙地写在不同的诗歌形式，如十四行诗，空白的诗句，和押韵的对联。三.Briefly discuss why Hamlet is so impressive in Shakespeares Hamlet.1. The hero Hamlet in Shakespeares play Hamlet is noted for his hesitation to take his revenge, his melancholy
8、 nature of action only to deny possibilities to do anything.2. He came to know that his father was murdered by his uncle who became king. He hated him so deeply that he wanted to kill him. But he loved his widowed mother who later married his uncle. This made him deep in trouble.3. When he planned t
9、o kill his uncle, he was afraid to hurt his mother. And also, when everything was ready for him to kill his uncle, he forgave him for his uncle was praying to God for his crime. Thus he lost good chance.4. Hamlet represented humanism of his time.1。在莎士比亚戏剧“哈姆雷特” 的英雄哈姆雷特，指出他毫不犹豫地把他的报复，他忧郁的行动的性质，只否认做任何
10、事情的可能性。2。当他知道他的父亲是被他的当国王的叔叔谋杀。他非常恨他地想杀死他。但他爱他改嫁给他叔叔的守寡的母亲。这使他深陷入两难。3。当他打算杀死他的叔叔的时候，他担心会伤害他的母亲。当一切就绪可以杀死他的叔叔的时候，他原谅了他的叔叔并祈祷上帝为原谅他的罪行。因此他错失了良好时机。4。哈姆雷特代表他那个时代的人文主义。英国文学Neoclassical Period新古典主义/Daniel Defoe丹尼尔.笛弗-Robinson Crusoe鲁滨逊漂流记 一.Discuss Crusoe, the protagonist of the novel, as an embodiment of
11、the rising middle-class virtues in the mid-eighteenth century England.A. Social background: The Eighteenth Century England witnessed the growing importance of the bourgeois or middle class. a. The Industrial Revolution; b. The expansion of international markets; c. Values different from those of the
12、 feudal aristocratic classcourageous, full of energy, hard working, practical, resourceful, self-reliant, etc. d. Literature should give a realistic presentation of the life of the common people; it should meet the interest of the middle class people.B. Robinson Crusoe embodies the virtues of the mi
13、ddle class people. a. Crusoe as an adventurous man full of energy and courage b. Crusoe as a practical man c. Crusoe as a resourceful mand. Crusoe as a patient man.A.社会背景：18世纪的英格兰，见证了资产阶级或中产阶级日益增长的重要时刻。a。工业革命;b。国际市场的开拓;c。与那些封建贵族阶级不同的价值观：勇敢，充满干劲，勤劳，务实，足智多谋，自力更生等。d。文学应现实显现普通老百姓的生活，它应该满足中产阶级的利益。B.“鲁滨逊漂
14、流记”体现了中产阶层人民的美德。a。鲁滨逊是一个充满干劲和勇气的冒险者， b。鲁滨逊是一个务实的人，c。鲁滨逊作为一个足智多谋的人，d。鲁滨逊是一个有耐心的人。二 Discuss why Robinson Cruse became so successful when it was published?（Daniel Defoe）1. Robison Crusoe is supposedly based on the real adventure of an Alexander Selkirk who once stayed alone on the uninhabited island fo
15、r five years. Actually, the story is an imagination.2. In Robison Crusoe, Defoe traces the growth of Robison from a nave and artless youth into a shrewd and hardened man, tempered by numerous trials in his eventful life.3. In the novel, Robison is a real hero and he is an embodiment of the rising mi
16、ddle-class virtues in the mid-eighteenth century England.4. Robison Crusoe is an adventure story very much in the spirit of the time. Because of the above reasons, when it was published, people all liked that story, and it became an immediate success. 1。鲁宾逊漂流记“的假想基础上的亚历山大塞尔柯克真正的冒险，曾经独自留在无人居住的小岛五年。其实，这个故事是一种想象。2。鲁宾逊漂流记“，笛弗追溯鲁宾逊的成长，在忙碌的生活中通过无数试炼，从一个天真烂漫的青年到一个精明硬朗的男人。3。在小说中，罗宾逊是一个真正的英雄，他是十
