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1、Unit Seven Libido for the Ugly - Henry Louis Mencken (1880-1956),Henry Louis Mencken (18801956),an American journalist, essayist, magazine editor, satirist, acerbic critic of American life and culture, and a student of American English. Known as the “Sage of Baltimore“, he is regarded as one of the
2、most influential American writers and prose stylists of the first half of the 20th century,Menckens quotation: A cynic is a man who, when he smells a flower, looks around for a coffin.,Menckens Creed I believe that religion, generally speaking, has been a curse to mankind - that its modest and great
3、ly overestimated services on the ethical side have been more than overcome by the damage it has done to clear and honest thinking. I believe that no discovery of fact, however trivial, can be wholly useless to the race, and that no trumpeting of falsehood, however virtuous in intent, can be anything
4、 but vicious.,I believe that all government is evil, in that all government must necessarily make war upon liberty. I believe that the evidence for immortality is no better than the evidence of witches, and deserves no more respect. I believe in the complete freedom of thought and speech.,I believe
5、in the capacity of man to conquer his world, and to find out what it is made of, and how it is run. I believe in the reality of progress. I - But the whole thing, after all, may be put very simply. I believe that it is better to tell the truth than to lie. I believe that it is better to be free than
6、 to be a slave. And I believe that it is better to know than be ignorant.,Pennsylvania State Profile,State Unique Name The Keystone State Capital City Harrisburg Location 40.27605 N, 076.88450 W Bird Ruffed Grouse Border States Delaware - Maryland - New Jersey - New York - Ohio - West Virginia Econo
7、my Agriculture Flower The Mountain Laurel Largest City Philadelphia Land Area 44,892 sq.mi. Population 1,20,19,661 Statehood December 12, 1787 Tree Hemlock,description,description is painting a verbal picture of a person, a place, an object, a scene, etc. in order to enable his reader to perceive th
8、e reality of the original, the writer reproduces an image and invokes that reality essencially by specific and concrete words that appeal to the readers sense of sight, smell, sound, taste and touch.,the title,this is a piece of subjective, impressionistic or emotional description. libido: concept o
9、riginated by Sigmund Freud to signify the instinctual physiological or psychic energy associated with sexual urges and with all constructive human activity. In the text, it means psychic energy generally; specifically, a basic form of psychic energy, comprising the positive, loving instincts manifes
10、ted variously at different stages of personality development. Drive, desire. 欲望,the title,the writer uses this word to suggest that the love and passion for ugliness among Americans is a kind of pathological problem and that his observations have a scientific foundation.,Dominant impression of uglin
11、ess,Nouns: desolation, filth, grime, horror, ugliness, monstrousness, grotesqueries Adjectives: hideous, bleak, forlorn, abominable, dirty, horrible, misshapen, shabby, uncomely, dingy, decomposing, shocking, loathsome, gloomy, God-forsaken, frightful, putrid, ghastly, unlovely, diabolical, dreadful
12、, macabre, depressing phrases: appalling desolation, dreadfully hideous, intolerably bleak, unbroken and agonizing ugliness, revolting monstrousness, incomparable,Images: leprous hill, uremic yellow, eczematous patches, malarious hamlets, one blinks before a man with his face shot away, bury themsel
13、ves swinishly, like gravestones in some gigantic decaying cemetery, color of an egg long past all hope or caring, that of a fat woman with a black eye, that of a Presbyterian grinning Sentences with sarcasm, ridicule and irony: would have disgraced a race of alley cats, insult and lacerate the eye t
14、here was not a single decent house in sightthere was not one that was not shabby I award this championship incomparable in color, incomparable in design, the Parthenon would not doubt offend them,The Main idea of each paragraph,Para 1- The writer contrasts the great wealth of this region with the ab
15、ominable human habitations seen everywhere. Para 2 -coverage of the ugliness in the county. Para 3 -the ugliness of the house design Para 4 -the ugliness of the color of the bricks Para 5 -evaluates the ugliness of this region as the top one in the world. Para 6 -tries to trace the source of the ugliness from the foreigners Para 7 -speculates on a solution for the puzzle: libido for the ugly Para 8 -evidence to prove himself right Para 9 -The writer finally gives an answer.,para 1,a contrast of the great wealth of this region with the dominatable human habitations seen every
