初二英语语法知识点总结复习(最新)

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1、初二语法复习 1) leave的用法 1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如: When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的? 2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如: Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦了。 3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如: Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京?,2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用 should作为情态动词用,常常

2、表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等,有“竟会”的意思,例如: How should I know? 我怎么知道? Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚? should有时表示应当做或发生的事,例如: We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。 我们在使用时要注意以下几点:,1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。 例如: You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。 2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如: You should go to th

3、e doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服,你最好去看医生。 3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如: We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。 She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。,3) What.? 与 Which.? 1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what仅用来询问职业。 如: What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的? 该句相当于: What does your father d

4、o? What is your fathers job? Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如: -Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特? -The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。,2. What.? 是泛指,所指的事物没有范围的限制;而 Which.? 是特指,所指的事物有范围的限制。如: What color do you like best?(所有颜色)你最喜爱什么颜色? Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? 你最喜爱哪一种颜色? (有特定的范围) 3. what 与 which 后

5、都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如: Which pictures are from China? 哪些图片来自中国?,4) 频度副词的位置 1.常见的频度副词有以下这些: always(总是,一直)usually(通常)often(常常,经常)sometimes(有时候)never(从不) 2.频度副词的位置: a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如: David is often arrives late for school.大卫上学经常迟到。 b.放在行为动词前。如: We usually go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天经常在7:10去上

6、学。,c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾,用来表示强调。如: Sometimes I walk home, sometime I ride a bike. 有时我步行回家,有时我骑自行车。 3.never放在句首时,主语、谓语动词要倒装。如: Never have I been there.我从没到过那儿。,) every day 与 everyday 1. every day 作状语,译为“每一天”。如: We go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天7:10去上学。 I decide to read English every day. 我决定每天读英语。 2

7、. everyday 作定语,译为“日常的”。 She watches everyday English on TV after dinner. 她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。,Whats your everyday activity? 你的日常活动是什么? 6) 什么是助动词 1.协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词(Auxiliary Verb)。被协助的 动词称作主要动词(Main Verb)。助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用, 例如: He doesnt like English. 他不喜欢英语。 (doesnt是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义) 2.助动词协助主要动词完

8、成以下功用,可以用来:,a. 表示时态,例如: He is singing. 他在唱歌。 He has got married. 他已结婚。 b. 表示语态,例如: He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。 c. 构成疑问句,例如: Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗? Did you study English before you came here? 你来这儿之前学过英语吗? d. 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句,例如: I dont like him. 我不喜欢他。,e. 加强语气,例如: Do come to the part

9、y tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。 He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。 3.最常用的助动词有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would 7) forget doing/to do与remember doing/to do 1.forget to do忘记要去做某事(未做);forget doing忘记做过某事(已做) The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off. 办公室的灯还在亮着,它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作),He fo

10、rgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。 ( 已做过关灯的动作) Dont forget to come tomorrow. 别忘了明天来。 (to come动作未做) 典型例题 - The light in the office is still on. - Oh,I forgot_. A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off 答案:C。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着,即关灯的动作没有发生, 因此用forget to do

11、 sth.而forget doing sth 表示灯已经关上了,而 自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。,2.remember to do记得去做某事(未做); remember doing记得做过某事(已做) Remember to go to the post office after school. 记着放学后去趟邮局。 Dont you remember seeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗? 8) Its for sb.和 Its of sb. 1.for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如: easy, hard,diffi

12、cult,interesting,impossible等: Its very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。,2.Its +形容词 of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词, 如:good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。 Its very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我,你真是太好了。 3.for 与of 的辨别方法: 用介词后面的代词作主语,用介词前边的形容词作表语,造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of,不通则用for。如: Y

13、ou are nice. (通顺,所以应用of) He is hard. (人是困难的,不通,因此应用for。),9) 对两个句子的提问 新目标英语在命题中有将对句子划线提问这一题型取消的趋势,现在采取的作 法是对一个句子进行自由提问。例如: 句子:The boy in blue has three pens. 提问:1. Who has three pens? 2. Which boy has three pens? 3. What does the boy in blue have? 4. How many pens does the boy in blue have? 很显然,学生多了更

14、多的回答角度,也体现了考试的灵活性。再如: 句子:He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.,提问:1. Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday? 2. Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday? 3. What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday? 4. With whom

15、does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday? 5. What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday? 6. When does he usually go to the park with his friends?,10) so、such与不定冠词的使用 1.so与不定冠词a、an连用,结构为“so+形容词+a/an+名词”。如: He is so funny a boy. Jim has so big a house. 2.such与不定冠词a、an连

16、用,结构为“such+a/an+形容词+名词”。如: It is such a nice day. That was such an interesting story.,11) 使用-ing分词的几种情况 1.在进行时态中。如: He is watching TV in the room. They were dancing at nine oclock last night. 2.在there be结构中。如: There is a boy swimming in the river. 3.在have fun/problems结构中。如: We have fun learning English this term. They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.,4.在介词后面。如: Thanks for helping me. Are you good at playi

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