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1、2018/10/25,英美报刊阅读,1,第一章 标题的作用与特点,标题(headline), 是新闻的一个不可分割的组成部分.读者打开报纸,首先映入眼帘的是版面,而版面上首先吸引读者注意力的则是标题.一条好的标题本身就是一则新闻.在探究新闻英语时,就不能不涉及到标题的作用、形式及特点. 一、标题的作用,2018/10/25,英美报刊阅读,2,Characteristics of diction in headlines:大量选用简短词-for economy and brevity Use short words as many as possible: use concrete, vivid
2、 wordse.g. 如表示“破坏”或“损坏”，标题中一般不用damage,而用hit, harm, hurt, ruin或 wreck等。又如表示“放弃”，不用abandon而用drop, give up, quit, skip或yield等；表“爆炸”之类的动词时，一般不用explode而用blast, crash, ram 或smash。,三、标题的措辞特点,2018/10/25,英美报刊阅读,3,e.g. 1. US refuses to back environment fund(back=support)The Sydney Morning Herald, Dec.3,1991 2
3、. Europe Holds Talks to End Tension in Yugoslavia(End=Finish)3. Terrorists Destroy World Trade Center, Hit Pentagon in Raid With Hijacked Jets(hit=strike; attack)The Wall Street Journal, Sept.12, 20014. World eyes mid-East peace talks(eye=watches/observe)The Daily Star, Nov. 5, 1991,2018/10/25,英美报刊阅
4、读,4,Similar verbs are:aid-help/assist 帮助；援助alter-change 改变ask-inquire 询问assail-denounce 谴责，斥责axe-dismiss/reduce 解雇，减少back-support 支持balk-impede 阻碍ban-prohibit /forbid 禁止bar-prevent 阻止；防止bare-expose/reveal/disclose 爆炸；揭露；透露,2018/10/25,英美报刊阅读,5,blast-explode 爆炸 begin-commence 开始 bid-attempt 努力 bilk (S
5、lang)-cheat 欺骗 blast-criticize 批评，指责 block-obstruct/impede 阻碍 bolt-desert/abandon 抛弃；遗弃；放弃 boost-increase 增加；提高 buy-purchase 购买 check-examine 检查 claim-cause the death of 夺去。的生命；致死,2018/10/25,英美报刊阅读,6,clash-disagree strongly 发生分歧 curb-control/restrict 控制 cut-reduce 削减；减少 dip-decline/decrease 下降；减少 du
6、e-schedule 安排；预定 ease-reduce/lessen 减轻；缓和 edict-decree/proclamation 法令/布告 end-terminate 结束；终止 eye-watch with interest 关注 face-confront 面临；面对 fire-dismiss 开除；辞退,2018/10/25,英美报刊阅读,7,flay-criticize 批评 flout-insult 侮辱 foil-prevent from 阻止；防止 grab-acquire 攫取；获得 grip-seize 抓牢；笼罩 grill-investigate 调查；严厉盘问
7、gut-destroy 摧毁 head-direct 率领，带领 hit-criticize 批评；抨击 hold-retain/arrest 拘捕；逮捕 hurt-injure 伤害,2018/10/25,英美报刊阅读,8,kick-abandon 放弃 kill-murder 谋杀；刺杀 laud-praise 赞扬；表扬 launch-begin/commence 开始；发起 loom-happen 呈现；出现 lop-diminish 下降；减少 map-work out 制订 mar-damage 破坏；毁坏；损坏 mark-celebrate 庆祝 moot-discuss 研究；
8、考虑 mull-study/consider 磋商；讨论,2018/10/25,英美报刊阅读,9,nab-arrest 逮捕 name-appoint/elect/nominate 命名；任命 net-capture 抓获；逮捕 nip-defeat 击败；击退；取胜 nix-deny/disapprove 否决；拒绝 nod-approve 赞同；批准 opt-choose 选择 oust-expel 驱逐（出境） peril-endanger 危害；危及 pledge-promise 允许；发誓 plot-conspire 预谋；密谋策划,2018/10/25,英美报刊阅读,10,plun
9、ge-plummet （价格等）暴跌 poise-ready for action 做好准备 probe-investigate 调查 prod-instigate 促进；怂恿 prompt-trigger off 激发；引发 quit-resign 辞职 raid-attack/search 袭击；进攻；搜寻 rap-criticize 批评；抨击 rage-become violent 肆虐，蔓延 raze-destroy 摧毁；把。夷为平地 rebuke-criticize 批评；抨击,2018/10/25,英美报刊阅读,11,rock-shake violently/shock 震动；
10、震惊 rout-defeat completely 击溃；打垮 sack-dismiss 开除；辞退 shift-transfer 转移；转换 shun-abandon 丢弃；离弃 slay-murder 谋杀；屠杀 snub-neglect 冷落；怠慢 soar-skyrocket 急剧上升 spark-encourage 鼓励；促使 spur-encourage 激励；鞭策 stall-make no progress 毫无进展,2018/10/25,英美报刊阅读,12,stem-check 制止；抑制 study-investigate 研究；调查 swap-exchange 交换；交流
11、 sway-influence 影响；支配 thwart-obstruct 阻碍 toe-criticize 批评；抨击 top-exceed 超出；超越 trade-exchange 交换 trim-reduce 削减 try-endeavor 努力；尽力 urge-promote/advocate 敦促；促使,2018/10/25,英美报刊阅读,13,use-utilize 使用 vie-compete 竞争 void-invalidate 使无效；作废 voice-express 发表（意见等）；表达 vow-promise/determine 决心；发誓 wed-marry 结婚 weigh-consider 考虑 woo-seek to win 争取；追求,
