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1、2018/10/25,英美报刊阅读,1,第一章 标题的作用与特点,标题(headline), 是新闻的一个不可分割的组成部分.读者打开报纸,首先映入眼帘的是版面,而版面上首先吸引读者注意力的则是标题.一条好的标题本身就是一则新闻.在探究新闻英语时,就不能不涉及到标题的作用、形式及特点. 一、标题的作用,2018/10/25,英美报刊阅读,2,Characteristics of diction in headlines:大量选用简短词-for economy and brevity Use short words as many as possible: use concrete, vivid
2、 wordse.g. 如表示“破坏”或“损坏”,标题中一般不用damage,而用hit, harm, hurt, ruin或 wreck等。又如表示“放弃”,不用abandon而用drop, give up, quit, skip或yield等;表“爆炸”之类的动词时,一般不用explode而用blast, crash, ram 或smash。,三、标题的措辞特点,2018/10/25,英美报刊阅读,3,e.g. 1. US refuses to back environment fund(back=support)The Sydney Morning Herald, Dec.3,1991 2
3、. Europe Holds Talks to End Tension in Yugoslavia(End=Finish)3. Terrorists Destroy World Trade Center, Hit Pentagon in Raid With Hijacked Jets(hit=strike; attack)The Wall Street Journal, Sept.12, 20014. World eyes mid-East peace talks(eye=watches/observe)The Daily Star, Nov. 5, 1991,2018/10/25,英美报刊阅
4、读,4,Similar verbs are:aid-help/assist 帮助;援助alter-change 改变ask-inquire 询问assail-denounce 谴责,斥责axe-dismiss/reduce 解雇,减少back-support 支持balk-impede 阻碍ban-prohibit /forbid 禁止bar-prevent 阻止;防止bare-expose/reveal/disclose 爆炸;揭露;透露,2018/10/25,英美报刊阅读,5,blast-explode 爆炸 begin-commence 开始 bid-attempt 努力 bilk (S
5、lang)-cheat 欺骗 blast-criticize 批评,指责 block-obstruct/impede 阻碍 bolt-desert/abandon 抛弃;遗弃;放弃 boost-increase 增加;提高 buy-purchase 购买 check-examine 检查 claim-cause the death of 夺去。的生命;致死,2018/10/25,英美报刊阅读,6,clash-disagree strongly 发生分歧 curb-control/restrict 控制 cut-reduce 削减;减少 dip-decline/decrease 下降;减少 du
6、e-schedule 安排;预定 ease-reduce/lessen 减轻;缓和 edict-decree/proclamation 法令/布告 end-terminate 结束;终止 eye-watch with interest 关注 face-confront 面临;面对 fire-dismiss 开除;辞退,2018/10/25,英美报刊阅读,7,flay-criticize 批评 flout-insult 侮辱 foil-prevent from 阻止;防止 grab-acquire 攫取;获得 grip-seize 抓牢;笼罩 grill-investigate 调查;严厉盘问
7、gut-destroy 摧毁 head-direct 率领,带领 hit-criticize 批评;抨击 hold-retain/arrest 拘捕;逮捕 hurt-injure 伤害,2018/10/25,英美报刊阅读,8,kick-abandon 放弃 kill-murder 谋杀;刺杀 laud-praise 赞扬;表扬 launch-begin/commence 开始;发起 loom-happen 呈现;出现 lop-diminish 下降;减少 map-work out 制订 mar-damage 破坏;毁坏;损坏 mark-celebrate 庆祝 moot-discuss 研究;
8、考虑 mull-study/consider 磋商;讨论,2018/10/25,英美报刊阅读,9,nab-arrest 逮捕 name-appoint/elect/nominate 命名;任命 net-capture 抓获;逮捕 nip-defeat 击败;击退;取胜 nix-deny/disapprove 否决;拒绝 nod-approve 赞同;批准 opt-choose 选择 oust-expel 驱逐(出境) peril-endanger 危害;危及 pledge-promise 允许;发誓 plot-conspire 预谋;密谋策划,2018/10/25,英美报刊阅读,10,plun
9、ge-plummet (价格等)暴跌 poise-ready for action 做好准备 probe-investigate 调查 prod-instigate 促进;怂恿 prompt-trigger off 激发;引发 quit-resign 辞职 raid-attack/search 袭击;进攻;搜寻 rap-criticize 批评;抨击 rage-become violent 肆虐,蔓延 raze-destroy 摧毁;把。夷为平地 rebuke-criticize 批评;抨击,2018/10/25,英美报刊阅读,11,rock-shake violently/shock 震动;
10、震惊 rout-defeat completely 击溃;打垮 sack-dismiss 开除;辞退 shift-transfer 转移;转换 shun-abandon 丢弃;离弃 slay-murder 谋杀;屠杀 snub-neglect 冷落;怠慢 soar-skyrocket 急剧上升 spark-encourage 鼓励;促使 spur-encourage 激励;鞭策 stall-make no progress 毫无进展,2018/10/25,英美报刊阅读,12,stem-check 制止;抑制 study-investigate 研究;调查 swap-exchange 交换;交流
11、 sway-influence 影响;支配 thwart-obstruct 阻碍 toe-criticize 批评;抨击 top-exceed 超出;超越 trade-exchange 交换 trim-reduce 削减 try-endeavor 努力;尽力 urge-promote/advocate 敦促;促使,2018/10/25,英美报刊阅读,13,use-utilize 使用 vie-compete 竞争 void-invalidate 使无效;作废 voice-express 发表(意见等);表达 vow-promise/determine 决心;发誓 wed-marry 结婚 weigh-consider 考虑 woo-seek to win 争取;追求,