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1、-现在完成时态,语法练习课,时态,不同时间发生的动作，动词要用不同形式,判断下列句子的时态,1.She works in a factory. 2.I was doing my homework at this time yesterday. 3.We are going to have a picnic this Sunday. 4.They held a sports meeting last week.5.Are you doing your homework ?,一般现在时,过去进行时,一般将来时,一般过去时,现在进行时,1.v原形 2. v三单,am/is/are+v-ing,1.w
2、ill/shall+v原形 2.be going to +v原形,1.v-ed（规则动词） 2.不规则动词,was/were+v-ing,have/has+过去分词,现在完成时,主菜单,上一页,下一页,现在完成时的构成,现在完成时的主要用法,现在完成时的时间状语,短暂性动词与时间段的关系,have been 与have gone 比较,与一般过去时的用法比较,现在完成时的主要用法,上一页,下一页,- Its so dark. -Someone has turned off the light. (有人刚把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑),- Are you free? -I have f
3、inished my homework. I am free (我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在造成的结果是很有空),主菜单,1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。,常用的时间状语有：ever, never，before,现在完成时的主要用法,2.表示“刚刚做完某事”，“已经做完某事”,常用的时间状语是“already, just,yet”,I have just heard the news,上一页,下一页,I have learnt English for more than ten years.我已经学了10多年的英语。 (从10年前开始,持续到现在还在学) She has sw
4、um since half an hour ago. 我已经游泳了半个小时 (半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游),现在完成时的主要用法,主菜单,3.表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态.,常与since + 过去的时间点，for + 一段时间，so far 等时间状语连用。,2.现在完成时动词构成:have / has + v 过去分词,助动词,否定,havent hasnt,疑问,Have you? Has he?,I, finish, homework,I havent finished my homework.,Have you finished your homework?
5、Yes, I have. / No, I havent.,I have finished my homework.,动词的过去分词形式,1.规则动词2.不规则动词,finish-finished-finished live-lived-lived carry-carried-carried stopstopped-stopped,eg.,gowentgone see-sawseen forgetforgot-forgotten,have gone tohave been to have been in,去了某地，不在这里,曾经去过某地,已回来,呆在某地（多长时间）,She isnt here.
6、 She has gone to the reading-room. She has been to Shanghai twice/once/before. She has been in Beijing for two years.,五.have been 与have gone 的用法比较,have been to 意思是“到过，去过”，表示曾经到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。 have gone to 意思是“去了”，表示已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。 have been in 意思是“呆在某处一段时间了”,上一页,下一页,主菜单,have (has) gone to 意为“
7、到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。-Where is Tom?汤姆在哪里？-He has gone to the bookshop. 他到书店去了。 Father has gone to Hong Kong. Hell be back in a week. 爸爸到香港去了, 一星期后 回来,II. have (has) been to表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。可以与just, ever, never等连用。 I have just been to the post office. 我刚才去邮局了。 T
8、im has never been to the Great Wall. 玛丽从未去过长城。 Have you ever been to Hangzhou? 你曾经去过杭州吗？,have (has) been to 后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。I have been to Beijing three times. 我去过北京三次。 They have been to that Happy Valleys several times. 他们去过欢乐谷好几次了, 翻 译 练 习：1.我买了这块手表五年了。2.这位老人已经死了十年了。,I have bought this watch for f
9、ive years.I have had this watch for five years/since 5 years ago.,The old man has died for ten years.The old man has been dead for ten years/since 10 years ago.,W,W,下一页,上一页,主菜单,3.他已经回来三天了。4.自从六点钟他就来这儿了。5.我离开家乡已十年了。,He has come back for 3 days.He has been back for 3 days/since 3 days ago.,He has come
10、 here since 6 oclock.He has been here since 6 oclock.,I have left hometown for 10 years.I have been away from hometown for 10 years.,W,W,W,下一页,上一页,主菜单,但在否定句中，短暂性动词可以与时间段连用。 如：I havent bought the bike for a year. 我买这辆自行车还不到一年。 She hasnt come here for an hour. 她来这儿还没有一个小时。,上一页,下一页,主菜单,六.与一般过去时的用法比较,一.
11、现在完成时和一般过去时都是说过去的事情，但现在完成时注意的不是事情本身，而是强调事情与现在保持的某种密切联系（如现在的结果，影响,一直延续到现在等）;而一般过去时，则只讲述发生在过去的动作和事情与现在没有关系。,上一页,下一页,主菜单,短暂性动词与时间段的关系,短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用，这些动词是：become, begin, buy, borrow, come (go, arrive), die, finish, join, leave, 等。,上一页,下一页,在完成式中表述这种意思,我们常用相应的延续性动词 来代替短暂性动词。,主菜单,四.,become be, beg
12、in be on , borrow keep, buy have, come (go, arrive, get) be here/there/in，die be dead, finish be over, join be in （be a member of ）leave be away ( from),下一页,上一页,主菜单,选用 for和 since填空: 1.We havent seen each other _ a long time. 2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years ago. 3.The film has been on _
13、 20 minutes. 4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China. 5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years. 6. Its five years _ we met last time.,for,since,for,since,for,since,下一页,上一页,主菜单,Shall we eat lunch? I am _ hungry. Have you met our foreign teacher _? No, not _. Has the bell rung _? Yes, I
14、t has _ rung. The computer has not been repaired _. We have _ changed the plan because Linda hasnt made up her mind _. Have you ordered the takeaway food _? Yes. We have _ ordered it.,already,yet,yet,yet,already,already,yet,yet,already,yet,Fill in already or yet when needed,Multiple choice. ( ) 1. H
15、as your brother found his lost car _?- No, he hasnt.A. still B. already C. just D. yet ( ) 2. The visitors _ here for a week.A. have left B. have come C. have arrived D. have been ( ) 3. Where _ you _ all these years, Jim?A. have, been B. did , be C. were, been D. did, stay ( ) 4. Ive _ this diction
16、ary _ a year.A. bought, for B. had, forC. bought, since D. had, since,D,D,A,B,( ) 5. You _ here before, _ you?A. never are, are B. never came, doC. have never been, haveD. were never, were ( ) 6. The doctor _ to Beijing twice.A. has gone B. has been C. went D. goes ( ) 7. My mother has _ made a big mooncake herself.A. already B. yet C. just D. always ( ) 8. -Mr Green is no longer working here. He_ here for a month.A.has gone B. has leftC. has been away from D. left,
