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1、非 谓 语 动 词,DOING DONE TO DO,非,谓语动词,动名词 gerund,不定式 infinitive,分词 participle,非谓语动词,1性质：它具有动词的特点，但在句子中起着名词、形容词、副词的作用，充当主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语的作用，即：除谓语以外一切成分。,2形式,不定式相当于名词、形容词、副词。充当主语、宾语、定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语。 动名词相当于名词充当主语、表语、定语、宾语。 分词相当于形容词、副词。作表语、定语、宾语补足语、状语形成分,3语态：必须搞清逻辑主语与非谓语动词的关系，从而来确定非谓语动词态的语态。,现在分词与动名词,DOI
2、NG,1 动名词-ing形式的一般式可用来泛指一个动作，没有特别的时间意义。Swimming is her favorite sport. Learning is important to modern life. 2 分词-ing形式的一般式可用来表示与谓语动词同时发生的动作。 They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing.,3 动词-ing形式的一般式有时也可表示在谓语动词的动作之前或之后发生的动作。 I remembered sending him an e-mail last week. （前） He suggested ta
3、king my daughter to the zoo the next Sunday. （后）,B 动词-ing形式的完成式,动词-ing形式的完成式表示一个已完成的动作，这个动作发生或完成在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well. 点津坊 在现代英语中，作宾语的动词-ing形式的完成式可用一般式来代替。 I really regretted missing such an exciting lecture. = I really regretted having misse
4、d such an exciting lecture We remembered seeing the film. (=We remembered having seen the film.),时 态,C 动词-ing形式的被动形式,动词-ing形式的被动形式表示它的逻辑主语是动词-ing形式表示的动作的承受者。 The question being discussed is very important. I cant stand being kept waiting. Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the school li
5、brary.,语态,动词-ing形式的否定形式由not加动词-ing形式构成。 His not coming made everyone present very disappointed.,否定,1 动词-ing形式可直接置于句首作主语。 Seeing is believing.= To see is to believe. 2 为了保持句子平衡，通常用先行词it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在句末。It is no use crying over spilt milk. Its a waste of time arguing about it.,句子成分,必背 动词-ing形式作主语的几个常
6、用句型。 Its no good talking to him. It is useless telephoning him. He is not willing to come. Its worth making an effort. There is no saying when it will stop raining. There is no joking about such matters.,句 型,1 表示主语的内容 Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible 2 表示主语具有的特征 The problem i
7、s quite puzzling.,1. Her work is _( look )after the children. 2. My aim is _( go ) to Tsinghua University. 3. One of my bad habit is _(bite ) nails（指甲）.,动词-ing形式既可作及物动词的宾语，也可作介词的宾语。 1 能用动词-ing形式作宾语的及物动词可分两类，只能用动词-ing形式作宾语， 可用动词-ing形式作宾语,也可用不定式作宾语。 只能用-ing形式作宾语的动词suggest doing it in a different way.,
8、必 背 只接动词-ing形式而不接不定式作宾语的动词有： admit 承认 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 put off 推迟 keep 保持 consider 考虑 delay 耽搁 dislike 嫌恶 resist抵制 mention 提及 enjoy 喜欢 escape 避免 excuse 原谅 practice 练习 mind介意 fancy想不到 feel like 意欲 finish 完成 risk 冒险 include 包括 forgive 原谅 give up 放弃 suggest 建议 miss 逃过 imagine 设想 cannot help 情不自禁,
9、只能接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词 建议冒险去献身，忍受期待不停顿； 放弃延期悔失去，坚持欣赏实践成； 注意原谅避反对，考虑要求不自禁； 允许习惯不介意，价值开始想动名。,1. He was in low spirits and even consider _(go ) away. 2. Practise _( put ) your hand to the ground. 3. I cant help _( have ) the trip to Britain. 4. Dont tell me you always escape _( fine) because you have a fast
10、 sports car. 5. Leave off _(bite) your nails! 6. He didnt feel like _( work ), so he suggested _( spend ) the day in the garden. 7. You certainly mustnt miss _( see ) the wonderful film.,8.The doctor advised _(stay) longer in hospital. 9.We appreciate your _(want) _(help) us in our difficulties. 10.
11、Michael has delayed _(write) to her till today. 11.The law forbids _(sell)liquor to children. 12.They all suggested _(give) more chances. 13.Can you imagine _(leave) standing outside for a whole night. 14.They built the banks to prevent the area from _(flood)., 既可用动词-ing形式作宾，也可用不定式作宾 这类动词虽然既能用-ing形式
12、作宾语，也能用不定式作宾语，但用法并不相同，主要有以下几种情况： 有些动词，如attempt, continue, hate, intend, like, love, prefer等，后面接动词-ing形式或不定式区别不是很大。 They prefer spending/to spend their summer vacation in Dalian. I intend to buy/buying an English-Chinese dictionary. 提 示 应尽量避免接连出现两个动词-ing形式。 I am starting to learn Russian. 避免说：I am st
13、arting learning Russian.,避免重复,有些动词或词组后可带动名词或不定式作宾语，但意义上有所不同。 come to do表示一个渐渐发展的过程 I hope we shall be friends and come to understand one another. come doing表示陪衬性的动作 It was already two oclock when she came hurrying in.,go on to do 做完一件事后，接下去做另外一件事 Having finished the exercises, we went on to learn th
14、e new words in the next unit. go on doing 继续做同一件事。 Though it was raining heavily, they went on working。 mean to do 想要做某事 I didnt mean to hurt you. 。 mean doing 意味着要有一个结果 Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 。,regret to do对即将要做的事表示遗憾 I regret to say I must leave tomorrow. regret doing对所做
15、的事感到后悔 I regret not having told her earlier. remember to do 指将来的事，表示“不要忘记” Remember to lock the door when you leave. remember doing 讲的是过去的事，表示“记起来” I remember posting that letter.,forget to do忘记要做某事 She nearly forgot to give the porter a tip for his service. forget doing忘记以前曾做过的事 Ill never forget meeting my school headmaster for the first time. stop to do停止原来做的事，开始做另一件事 While working, he stopped to talk with Tom at times. stop doing停止正在做的事 When the teacher came into the classroom, the pupils stopped talking.,
