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1、M9M9 Unit1Unit1 GrammarGrammar andand usageusage 学案学案 （一）状语从句 状语从句一般分为九大类：时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语 从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、方式状语从句、比较状语从句、让步状语从句。 1. 时间状语从句： 引导时间状语从句的连词有：when, while, as, the moment, before, after, till, until, since, as soon as 等。请注意 when, while, as 的区别 when 既可以引导一个持续性动作，也可以引导一个短暂性动作 When
2、I have time, I will go to see you. *注意：在时间状语从句中，主从句都是将来的动作或状态时，习惯上主句用将来时， 从句用一般现在时。 when - 正在的时候，突然。when 可以译成没想到，这时或突然。 I was walking along the street when I met him. I was about to fall asleep when my sister came in. 这样的句式常有：be about to do sth. when be doing sth. when be going to do sth. when had j
3、ust done sth. when be on the point of doing sth. when 特殊句式：Hardly/ Scarcely had when while -在期间，往往指一段时间。 While we were in America, we saw him twice. while -表示一种不满情绪，意思是这边在干某种重要的事，而另一边在享受等。 We are cleaning the classroom while they are playing football. as - 一边一边，随着 She was doing her homework as she w
4、as listening to music. the moment/instant/minute/second - 一就 =as soon as , immediately, -Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? -Yes, I gave her the moment I saw her. not until 直到才 He didnt leave the office until he finished the work. =He left the office when he finished the work. 注意构
5、成的倒装句和强调句： Not until he finished the work did he leave the office. （倒装句） It was not until he finished the work that he left the office. （强调句） before - 在之前 The passengers should arrive at the airport an hour before the flight departs. （It +be /will be before是常用句型 （要过多久才） It was not long before I forg
6、ot it all. 2. 条件状语从句 引导状语从句的连接词有: if, unless, as/so long as, in case（假使,如果）, provided that（如果,有时省略 that）, on condition that（条件是） unless - 如果不, 除非=if not We cant get there on time unless we book the earliest flight. = We cannot get there on time if we dont book the earliest flight. as/so long as - 只要
7、 We will succeed as long as we keep on trying. in case - 假使, 如果 The plane cannot take off in case it rains. provided that 如果,有时省略 that The plane will be in good condition provided that it is taken care of carefully. on condition that - 条件是 He said that he would come to the meeting on condition that
8、no one asked him to speak. 注：主从句的动作发生在将来时，则主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时。 If he arrives tomorrow, I will be waiting for him at the airport. 3. 地点状语从句 地点状语从句只有两个连词： where 在地方 wherever 无论哪里 Put the medicine where you can easily get it. Wherever you are, I will be right there waiting for you. 4. 原因状语从句 because, as,
9、since, now that, 和 considering that, seeing that 这六个连词都用于表示表示 原因, 但在语气上一个比一个弱。 because 因为，通常从句放在主句后。 Mr Smith was very upset because he couldnt find his luggage. 引导的原因状语从句可以构成强调句，其它的不可以： It was because he couldnt find his luggage that Mr Smith was very upset. 5. 结果状语从句 引导结果状语从句的连词有：so that, sothat,
10、suchthat We turned up the radio, so that everyone heard the news. He was so excited that he couldnt say a word. It is such an interesting novel that all of us want to read it. 6. 目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句的主要连词有:that, so that, in order that, for fear that, lest so that /in order that - 以便/为了, 从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：c
11、an, could, may, might, should 等 Lets take the front seats so that we may see more clearly. School was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm. for fear that 生怕；为了防止（某事发生） He took the name down for fear that he should forget it. lest 以防万一 The man decided to tell his b
12、oss the fact lest he would be angry with him. 7. 比较状语从句 引导比较状语从句的连词有：asas, not so (as)as, .than, the more the more. If you dont want to miss the flight, you need to be at the airport as early as possible. The flight was not so/as harmful as the captain predicted. I personally think that the American
13、 movies are more interesting than Chinese ones. The more he listened to that song, the less he enjoyed it. 8. 让步状语从句 引导让步状语从句的连词有： although, though, as, even if, even though, no matter who(what when, where which, how), whever (whatever whoever whenever whichever however). Although it was raining, th
14、e plane managed to take off. Child as/though he was, he did quite well. Even if you dont like your boss, you should do your work. no matter (what, when, where, which, how) -无论（什么，何时，何地，怎样） The old man wouldnt believe anything no matter what you said. Please tell me the result no matter when you get
15、it. He wouldnt forgive me no matter how hard I begged him. I will find you no matter where you hide. 9. 方式状语从句 方式状语从句常由：as, as if, as though, as与一样 Do in Rome as the Romans do. as if, as though 仿佛, 由 as if 或 as though 引导的从句中可用虚拟语气 She stood at the door as if (=as though) she were waiting for someone
16、. （二）定语从句 1. The teachers who are present at our class are all experienced teachers. 2. Our class is a big family which consists of girls and boys. 3. is the boy whose English is very good in our class. 4. The school where we are studying is very beautiful. 5. As we all know, our school is 9 years old. 注意事项： 1. 从句的位置：先行词之后 2. 翻译方法：“的” 3. 构成：关系词（关系代词/关系副词） 考点与难点归纳： 考点 1：that 与 which 1) Do yo
