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1、 6.动名词动名词动名词是非限定动词的一种形式，由动词原形+ing 构成。它既有动词的特征，又有名词的特征，故称。动名词也有时态和语态的变化，如表所示（以及物动词 write 为例） ，不及物动词没有语态的变化。 时态/语态 主动 被动 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written 6.1 动名词作主语、宾语和表语 1）作主语。例如： Fighting broke out between the South and the North. 南方与北方开战了。 2）作宾语 A. 有些动词可以用动名词作宾语。例如：
2、admit 承认 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 complete 完成 consider 认为 delay 耽误 deny 否认 detest 讨厌 endure 忍受 enjoy 喜欢 escape 逃脱 fancy 想象 finish 完成 imagine 想象 mind 介意 miss 想念 postpone 推迟 practice 训练 recall 回忆 resent 讨厌 resume 继续 resist 抵抗 risk 冒险 suggest 建议 face 面对 include 包括 stand 忍受 understand 理解 forgive 宽恕 keep 继
3、续 例如：Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please? 你把收音机音量调小一点，好吗 The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught. 这松鼠幸运得很，刚逃避了被逮住的厄运。 B. 有些结构后面可以用动名词作宾语或其他成分。例如： admit to preferto be used to lead to devote oneself to object to stick to no good no use be fond of look forward to be
4、 proud of be busy cant help be tired of be capable of be afraid of think of burst out keep on insist on count on set about put off be good at take up give up be successful in 3）作表语，对主语说明、解释。例如： Her job is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children. 她的工作是洗刷、清扫和照顾孩子。比较：She is washing, cleaning
5、and taking care of the children. 4）作定语，一般表示所修饰名词事物的用途。例如： a writing desk=a desk for writing 写字台 a swimming pool=a pool swimming 游泳池 有些动名词作定语，与所修饰的名词关系比较复杂。例如： boiling point=a temperature point at which something begins to boil 沸点 a walking tractor=a tractor which a driver can operate while he or she
6、 is walking behind it 手扶拖拉机 6.2 worth 的用法 worth, worthy, worthwhile 都是形容词，意为“值得“。 1. worth： be worth + n. 当名词为金钱时，表示“ 值得“ 常见的有 It s worth while to do./ It s worth（someones）while doing be worth doing sth. “某事值得被做“ The question is not worth discussing again and again. 这问题不值得反复讨论。 2. worthy：be worthy o
7、f +n. 当名词为抽象名词时表示“值得“ be worthy to be done “某事值得被做“ The question is not worthy to be discussed again and again. 3. worthwhile：be worthwhile to do sth “值得做某事“ It is worthwhile to ask him to join the club.值得邀请他加入俱乐部。 典型例题 It is not _ to discuss the question again and again. A. worth B. worthy C. worth
8、while D. worth while 答案 C. 由 worth 的用法可知，此句只适合词组 be worthwhile to do sth.。选 C。 6.3 动名词不定式、分词练习 1.I was _ work last week, but I changed my mind. A. to startB. to have startedC. to be startingD. to have been starting 2.I intended _ the matter with you, but I had some guests hen. A. discussB. discussin
9、gC. having discussedD. to have discussed 3.Dont let me catch you _. A. do that againB. to do that again C. doing that again D. done that again 4.There are many kinds of metals _. a.each has its special propertiesB. one has its special properties b. each having its special propertiesD. having its spe
10、cial properties 5.Its pay-day, and theyre waiting _. A. for payingB. to be paidC. to be payingD. to have paid 6._ trouble, Im going to forget the whole affair. A. Then rather causeB. Rather causing c. Rather than causeD. Rather than caused 7. The brilliance of his satires was _ make even his victims
11、 laugh. A. so as toB. such as toC. so thatD. such that 8.Children with parents whose guidance is firm, consistent, and rational are inclined _ high levels of self-confidence. A. possessB. have possessed C. to possess D. possessing 9.The worker is _ in repairing the machine to notice my coming. A. to
12、o busyB. enough busyC. busy tooD. busy enough 10.“What did you do in the garden?” “I watched my father _ his motorbike.” A. to repairB. repairedC. repairingD. repairs 11.We must have an engineer _ the workers build the house. A. to see B. seeC. seeing D. seen 12.Induction means _ a general conclusio
13、n from special facts. A. to come to B. to comingC. coming toD. came 13.Im not going to ask the teacher why he gave me that grade; I intend _. A. to let rest the matter B. the matter to be let resting c. letting the matter to restD. to let the matter rest 14.I have tried _ worrying about it. A. to st
14、op consciouslyB. to consciously stop c. to conscious stopping D. to stopping consciously 15.“Do you want to give a talk on that subject?” “I prefer _ .” A. not wantB. not wantingC. to not givingD. not to 16.I _ the truth of your remarks, although they go against my interests. A. cannot but admitB. c
15、annot help but to admit c. cannot but admitting D. cannot help but admitting 17.Since she is angry, we _. A. had better leaving her aloneB. should leave her alone c. might as well leave her aloneD. had rather leave her alone 18.I dont allow _ in my office and I dont allow my family _ at all. A. to s
16、mokesmokingB. smokingto smoke c. to smoketo smokeD. smokingsmoking 19.You should remember _ from the point when you are writing a composition. A. dont wanderB. not to wanderC. no wanderingD. not wander 20.Grace advised us to withdraw _. A. so as to get not involvedB. so as not to get involved c. so that to get not involved D. as not to g
