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1、浙江省宁波市浙江省宁波市 2015 高考英语语法填空一轮训练（高考英语语法填空一轮训练（4）及答案）及答案语法填空语法填空-题型探究（题型探究（1、2）3根据句子类型确定词类若两个或几个简单句之间是逗号，可以判断，一定是填连词。连词有两类，一种是并列连词，一种是从属连词。我们可以根据句子的类型判断所要填的词类。主要有以下几种句型：(1) 并列句：一般由“简单句并列连词简单句”构成，有时并列连词前有逗号，可以根据上下句的内在联系判断连词，如同等关系(and)、转折关系(but)、选择关系(or)、因果关系(so)等。例 10 “There are many mainland students a
2、t my university and all the other universities in Hong Kong.These students could not speak Cantonese at first, _ I had to speak putonghua to make friends with them， ”said Cheung.【答案】 so 【解析】 根据上下句的语义可以判断是因果关系，所以用 so。句意为：这些学生不会讲广东话，所以，为了跟他们交朋友，我不得不讲普通话。(2)状语从句：通过语境理解、判断上下文的逻辑关系，判断其是时间、地点、条件、原因、让步、目的或
3、其他状语从句，最后确定所缺连词。例 11 _the sun came out, he looked down and laughed.There was no abyss.Just six inches down there was a rock.【答案】 As/When 【解析】 根据前后两个都是简单句可以判断是缺少连词；从第一句的含义来看，是表示时间的状语从句，所以用 as/when。(3)名词性从句：当确定为名词性从句后，可以分析从句是否缺主语、宾语或表语，如果缺以上成分，一般情况下要使用 what，有时可能使用 who/whom 或 which；如果不缺以上成分，则考虑句子意思是否完整
4、，完整的句子可以用 that，意思不完整的则考虑用 where, why, how, because 等。例 12 I was in the train sitting opposite a middleaged couple.They were ordinary in every aspect, but _ they did touched me deeply.【答案】 what 【解析】 此处考查主语从句的引导词。从句中缺表示物的主语，所以使用 what。(4)定语从句：当确定为定语从句后，首先要看看先行词指人、物、时间、地点还是其他，然后判断引导词在从句中的成分，再根据定语从句的有关规则
5、确定使用哪个引导词。 例 13 However, Cheung, _ graduated from Hong Kong Baptist University this summer, has found that now she needs putonghua more than ever.【答案】 who 【解析】 此处考查非限制性定语从句的引导词的用法。由于先行词是人 Cheung(张)，引导词在从句中作主语，所以使用 who。4根据固定搭配、典型句型确定动词、名词、介词等固定搭配的短语及习惯用法是属于比较简单的考点，只要平时注意积累基本上就能答对。例 14 Volunteers work
6、 plays an important _in Americas high school education.【答案】 part 【解析】 此处考查短语 play a part in 的搭配用法。但有时命题者会在设计时增加一些难度，在短语之间插入其他一些成分，或将固定连用的短语分隔开来，这一点也需注意。例 15 Some parents tried to pull him off the schools ruins, saying, “Its too late! They are all dead! There is nothing you can do！”_each parent he re
7、sponded with the same line: “Are you going to help me now？” And then he continued to dig for his son, stone by stone.【答案】 To 【解析】 此处考查短语 respond to 的固定搭配。由于宾语 each parent 放在了句首，短语被拆开，所以难度加大了许多。【湖南卷改编】Does going to college really pay off？Certainly!I remember taking _1_ English class in college on the
8、 short story. Our first assignment was to read _2_ short stories and then discuss which one was better. After _3_(read)both，I wasnt sure. Over the _4_ several months, my professor taught me _5_ one story was so much better than the other._6_ was rich in metaphor(隐喻)and character development, _7_ the
9、 other was humorous _8_ too shallow. I couldnt see this at first. Yet, in a few months, my brain got reeducated and _9_ could see the difference between good and bad writing and could appreciate literature at a whole new level.Going to college helps build a strong mind, which leads _10_ greater succ
10、ess in ones life.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._5_ 6._ 7._ 8._9_ 10._【解析】 1an 考查冠词。class 此处为可数名词单数形式，其前须用冠词。再根据此处表泛指，而 English 是以元音音素开头，故填 an。2two 考查数词。根据本句中“which one was better”以及下文“After both”中 both 的提示可推断此处表示“两个短篇故事” ，故填 two。3reading 考查动名词。after 是介词，括号中所给词是动词，故只能填动名词 reading。4next 考查形容词。根据该空修饰名词 months，应填形容词，再由语
11、境可知，此处表示“在接下来的几个月” ，故填 next。5why 考查名词性从句引导词。根据上文“discuss which one was better”可推断，教授是给我们讲解为什么其中一个故事要比另一个故事好，故填 why。6One 考查不定代词。由语境可知，故事有两个，再根据习惯搭配“one.the other.”可推断填 One。7while 考查并列连词，while 表示前后对比的意思。8but 考查连词。根据“humorous”和“too shallow”在逻辑上的转折关系可推断，此处填连词 but 连接两个形容词。9I 考查人称代词。根据该空在句中作主语可判断应填名词或代词。结
12、合语jS境可知该空应指作者本人，故填 I。10to 考查介词。lead to 为固定搭配，意为“导致” 。语法填空(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 “Guys，it is Reading Workshops time now.16._I call your table，get your things，please！”said Mrs Toalson.She was holding 17._cup that had many sticks in it；on ever
13、y stick was written each students name and table number.What does she mean？Probably books，I thought.Mrs Toalson picked a stick 18._of the cup and said， “Okay，Aniqas table；Table Two，you may get your things.”Then my four classmates ran 19._the cushions in the bathtub (浴缸)Mrs Toalson kept 20._(pick) st
14、icks，and calling out different table numbers. “Kate，you may use the bathtub， ”Mrs Toalson said.Gosh！Use the bathtub？Is Kate going 21._(take) a bath，I wondered.Kate is the girl who had pretty brown hair.She ran 22._(happy) with her book to bathtub and 23._(lie) down in it.As she read，she cuddled (拥抱)
15、 a teddy bear.I bet it must be comfortable reading in a bathtub.Except for lucky Kate，everybody had to read elsewhere.Some were sitting on the seats，some were lying down under the table, 24._everybodys reading pose was different.Regina thought that it would be more fun to read outside on the grass.25._a great idea！The next day our whole class went to the park across the street from our school.It was amazing!16When 这是 Mrs Toalson 女士所说的话。从下文学生的行动可知，这里指“当的时候” ，引导时间状语从句。17a cup 在文中第一次出现，并非特指，故用不定冠词 a。18out 此处指“从杯子里面拿出来” ，故用 out。19for ru
