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1、Unit4 Earthquakes： 目标认知目标认知重点词汇重点词汇burst, ruin, injure, shock, rescue, trap, bury, congratulation，judge重点短语重点短语right away, at an end, a (great) number of, dig out,重点句型重点句型1. too.to 的用法2. All.not 不是所有的都3. .as if. 如同知识讲解知识讲解1. right away【原句回放】Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it rig
2、ht away. 假设你的房子开始晃动，你必须立刻离开。【点拨】right away 意为“立刻，马上”，同义短语为 at once。Are you leaving right away? 你马上就走吗?Call the police right away. 立刻报警！【拓展】表示“立刻”的短语：right away, without delay, immediately, at once, in no time, right now（right now 强调此刻，相当于 at this moment）Please see into this matter without delay. 请立即
3、调查这件事情。Right now I am in London. 此刻我在伦敦。2. burst【原句回放】In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. 在市内，有些建筑物的水管爆裂了。【点拨】burst (burst, burst)vi. 破裂；胀破；爆裂 The balloon suddenly burst. 气球突然爆炸了。I felt as if my heart would burst with joy. 我觉得自己高兴得心花怒放。n爆发；突然爆裂 I tend to work in bursts.
4、 我的工作劲头往往是一阵一阵的。a burst of anger 勃然大怒【拓展】常用短语： burst into + n. = burst out doing sth. 突然起来burst into tears/song/laughter= burst out crying/singing/laughing 突然大哭/唱歌/大笑burst into a room=break into a room 破门而入He burst into the room without knocking. 他不敲门就进了房间。burst (sth.) open （使）突然打开 burst in 突然打断，插嘴b
5、urst with 充满 The roads are bursting with cars. 路上塞满了汽车。be bursting to do sth. 急于（或迫切想）做某事at a (one) burst 一口气，一下子3. at an end【原句回放】It seemed as if the world was at an end. 仿佛到了世界末日！【点拨】at an end 结束，终结The hot days are at last at an end. 炎热的天气终于结束了！【拓展】常用短语：at the end of 在尽头；末端（指时间或空间的一个终点）by the end
6、of 到结束时；到时候为止（常与完成时态连用）By the end of last month, he had been on that ship for two years.到上个月为止，他在那艘船上已经两年了。bring sth. to an end (使)结束；终止come to an end 结束make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵；量入为出，靠微薄收入为生put an end to 使结束The year is at an end/coming to an end. 一年结束了。in the end 最后, 结果 She tried many times to pa
7、ss the exam, and in the end she succeeded.他试了很多次去通过考试，最终他成功了。4. ruin【原句回放】In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. 在可怕的十五秒钟内，一座大城市变成了废墟。【点拨】ruin n. 毁灭；废墟。表示“废墟、遗迹”时常用 ruins：the ruins of ancient Rome 古罗马遗迹；in ruins 荒芜的；be/lie in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪；fall into/go to ruin 衰落；败落The castle now l
8、ies in ruins. 这座古堡已成废墟。bring sth. / sb. to ruin 使某物毁灭；使某人破产The war brought ruin to the country. 战争毁了这个国家。v. 毁坏；毁掉；使破产I was ruined by the law case. 我被那场官司搞得倾家荡产。ruin oneself 毁掉自己ruin ones hopes 使某人希望破灭【拓展】destroy, ruin, damage 的区别damage 指部分“损坏”、 “破坏”或指使用价值有所降低。它可以用作动词，也可以用作名词，用作名词时常与 to something 连用。
9、Hundreds of houses in the area were damaged by the storm. 暴风雨毁坏了这个地区数以百计的房屋。The accident did a lot of damage to his car. 这次车祸使他的车受到很大的损坏。destroy 只能用作动词，指彻底破坏，以致不可能修复，常作“破坏”、 “毁灭”解,也可以指希望、计划等打破。The earthquake destroyed almost the whole town. 地震几乎毁灭了整个城镇。His hope of being a writer was destroyed. 他想成为一
10、个作家的希望破灭了。ruin 则表示破坏严重，以致不能修复，但这种破坏不像 destroy 那样毁灭某物，而是强调致使该物的使用价值发生了问题。用作动词时，它作“使毁灭”、 “使崩溃”解；用作名词时，它表示“毁灭”、 “瓦解”、 “废墟”等抽象概念。The house has fallen into ruin. 房子倒塌了。The company is facing ruin. 这家公司面临破产。5. dig out【原句回放】The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 军队组
11、成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。【点拨】dig out 挖出，翻找出The injured men have been dug out of the snow. 受伤人员从雪中被挖了出来。The truth was dug out. 真相被揭露出来了。Why did you dig out all these old magazines? 你把这些旧杂志翻出来做什么?【拓展】相关短语：dig down 挖倒dig in 挖土以渗进（肥料等） ；开始做细致工作dig for 发掘，搜集（资料等）dig into 钻研，掘进去dig at 讽刺，挖苦6. a (great) number
12、 of【原句回放】Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping. 这么大数量的人们死去是因为地震发生时人们正在睡觉。【点拨】a great number of 许多、大量的，后面一定要加可数名词复数。A great number of problems have arisen. 出现了许多问题。 The concert attracted a great number of people. 音乐会吸引了许多人。【拓展】表示“许多”的短语归纳：后接可数名词复数：后接可数
13、名词复数：a large/ great/ good number of; a great/ good many; a good few/ quite a few后接可数名词单数：后接可数名词单数：many a +可数名词单数+ 单数谓语动词后接不可数名词：后接不可数名词：a great/ good deal of; a great/ large amount of; quite a little后接可数名词后接可数名词/不可数名词均可：不可数名词均可：a lot of/ lots of; a great/ large quantity of; large quantities of; plen
14、ty of 7. injure【原句回放】Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake. 三分之二的人在地震中死亡或受伤。【点拨】injure vt. 伤害；使受伤；injure 也可以表示“损害（名誉） ，伤害（感情） ”。His back was injured. 他的后背受伤。There were two people injured in the car accident. 在这次车祸中有两人受伤。He spoke in an injured voice. 他用委屈的声音说话。injury n. 伤害，损害i
15、njured adj. 受伤的the injured 伤者do an injury to sb. 伤害某人an injured look/expression 委屈的样子/表情【拓展】辨析 injure，wound，hurtinjure 指由于意外或事故受伤，为一时难愈之伤。He cant play today because hes injured his knee. 因为伤了膝盖，他今天不能比赛。wound 指外伤，特别是枪伤、刀伤、剑伤。The bullet wounded his arm. 子弹伤了他的胳膊hurt 是“受伤”的一般用语，既可指肉体上的伤害，亦可指精神上的伤害，还可做不
16、及物动词，意为“疼痛；引起痛苦” 。His words hurt me. 他的话伤我了My knees hurt and my feet hurt, too. 我的膝盖疼，脚也疼。8. shock 【原句回放】People were shocked. 人们感到震惊。【点拨】shock v. “使震惊”，语气强烈。以人做主语时，用被动形式。后接介词 at/by 时表示“对吃惊”；后接不定式时表示“因做某事而吃惊”。be shocked at/by 对感到震惊be shocked to do sth. 很吃惊地It shocked sb. to see/hear 看到/听到使某人震惊They were shocked by her rudeness. 他们被她的粗鲁震惊了。It shocked me to think how close we had come to being killed. 想到我们差点丧命，我心惊肉跳。n. 冲击，震惊, 表示“一件
