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1、How to improve the reading ability of English articles,一、Read two English articles every day,二、Read without enough understanding,三、Remember the high frequency words,基础篇:Three-step,一、Read two English articles every day,Make time to read every day Choose your favorite article Do not rely on translatio
2、n tools,Its hard to understand !,二、Read without enough understanding,现阶段的状态: 不求甚解、似懂非懂!,For the poor base, and even for most people, when you start reading the foreign articles, you neednt to be able to fully understand the meaning of the articles.,三、Remember the high frequency words,After you read
3、a lot of English articles, you will find that some words have a high frequency. So you should look up and remember it in time.,The second step is the most useful for someone with a poor base. I liked to use a dictionary and taken notes carefully to know the meaning of every word and sentence when I
4、used to read English articles . But in the end, nothing.,对基础比较差的人来说,第二步最有用。以前我阅读外文总是喜欢用词典翻译,想弄清楚每个单词、每段话的意思,然后很认真的做笔记。但是最终什么鬼都没有。(因为早就没了兴趣),升华篇:,英汉两语言在句法结构存在很大差异。英语重形合,连接词较为发达,句子结构层层包孕,在空间上呈大树型结构,长句较多;汉语重意合,积词成句,积句成章,呈线型排列,句子结构呈竹竿型分布。针对英汉句子结构的不同特征,在翻译时要根据各自的语言习惯,确保译文通顺流畅。,For example:,Mr. Kennedy ap
5、parently was hit by the first of what witness believed were three shots.,原译:肯尼迪先生明显地是被目击者相信开了三枪中的第一枪击中的。,改译:据目击者说,凶手共开了三枪,肯尼迪显然是被第一枪击中的。,翻译技巧之一:分译法把较长的句子成分,或者不易安排的句子成分剥离出来,一般译成断句或独立结构。,翻译技巧之二:直译和意译“直译”既忠实原文内容,又符合原文的结构形式。但这两种语言之间还有许多差别,如完整照译,势必出现“英化汉语”,这时就需要“意译,在忠实原文内容的前提下,摆脱原文结构的束缚,使译文符合汉语的规范。特别要注意的
6、是:“直译”不等于“死译”,“意译”也不等于“乱译”。,1.直译与死译原文结构与汉语的结构是一致的,照译即可。但如果原文 结构与汉语的不一致,仍然采取直译的方法,就成“死译”了。如:In some automated plants electronic computers control the entire production line. 在某些自动化工厂,电子计算机控制整个生产线。(直译)The earth acts like a big magnet.地球作用着像一块大磁铁。(死译)例既不忠实原意,又不符合汉语的表达方式。因此,必须运用“词类转换”广成分转换”、“词(语)序调整”等手段
7、使译文通顺。 例应分别译为:“地球的作用像一块大磁铁。,2.意译和乱译只有在正确理解原文的基础上,运用相应的翻译方法以调整原文结构,用规范的汉语加以表达,这才真正做到“意译”。如果把“意译”理解为凭主观臆想来理解原文,可以不分析原文结构,只看词面意义,自己编造句子,势必造成“乱译”。,For example:It is easy to compress a gas,it is just a matter of reducing the space between the molecules. Like a liquid a gas has no shape,but unlike a liquid it will expand and fill any container it is put in.(乱译)气体是很容易压缩的,这正是压缩分子之间距离的根据。气体和液体一样没有形状,但又不同于液体,气体膨胀时会充满任何盛放它的容器。(意译)气体很容易压缩,那只不过是缩小分子之间的距离而已。气体和液体一样没有形状,但又不同于液体,因为气体会扩张并充满任何盛放它的容器。就翻译方法而论,总的来说,就是“直译法和意译法相结合”,所以,英语翻译的技巧在于词汇量和理解能力的综合。两者缺一不可,相信只要坚持三步法和领悟,外文的阅读就会跟吃饭喝水那样自然,舒服!,Thank you,