《2015西安市高考英语冲刺选练及答案9》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2015西安市高考英语冲刺选练及答案9（7页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、阅读理解阅读理解 Linus Pauling, the only person who has won two undivided Nobel Prizes, was born in Portland, Oregon. He attended Washington High School but because of an unimportant detail he did not receive his diploma until 1962, long after he had received his Bachelors degree in chemical engineering fro
2、m Oregon State College in 1922. He had chosen to study his major because he could get a good job with it. He won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1954 for his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the explanation of the structure of complex substances. His interest in
3、the“behavior”of molecules(分子)led him from physical chemistry to biological chemistry, especially of the human body. He began with proteins and their main parts, the amino acids(氨基酸), which are called the“building blocks of life”. In 1950, he constructed the first satisfactory model of a protein mole
4、cule, a discovery very important to the understanding of the living cell. During World War, Pauling was a member of the Research Board for National Security, for which he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Merit in 1948. However, the use of the atomic bomb near the end of the war turned Pauling i
5、n a new direction. Having long worked on the structure of molecules, he took an immediate interest in the deadly effects of nuclear fallout on human molecular structures. From then on, Pauling protested the production of the hydrogen bombs and supported the prevention of the spread of nuclear weapon
6、s. Through his efforts, The Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, declaring all nuclear tests to be illegal except underground ones, came into effect on October 10, 1963, the same day Linus Pauling was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了 Linus Pauling 一生的成就及其对世界所做出的杰出贡献。他是 唯一一位两度独立获诺贝尔奖的科学家。 1. From
7、 the first paragraph, we learn that Linus Pauling . A. didnt study hard while in Washington High School B. is the only scientist who has won two Nobel Prizes C. was once badly treated in Washington High School D. chose to study chemical engineering to earn his living 【解析】选 D。细节理解题。从第一段最后一句话“He had c
8、hosen to study his major because he could get a good job with it. ”可以得出正确答案为 D 选项。 2. Which of the following things did Pauling pay much attention to at first? A. The“behavior”of molecules. B. Physical chemistry. C. Biological chemistry. D. The human body. 【解析】选 B。推理判断题。从第二段第二句话“His interest in theb
9、ehaviorof molecules led him from physical chemistry to biological chemistry, especially of the human body. ”我们可以看出, Pauling 的兴趣发生了变化, 从 physical chemistry 转到了 biological chemistry 上, 所以正确答案 为 B 选项。 3. During World War, Linus Pauling . A. had to stop his research because of the war B. made great cont
10、ributions to the safety of the country C. joined the army to fight for the safety of the country D. took part in researching nuclear bombs 【解析】选 B。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话“During World War, Pauling was a member of the Research Board for National Security, for which he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Me
11、rit in 1948. ”可以得出正确答案为 B 选项。 4. The main idea of the passage is to show . A. Linus Paulings attitude towards nuclear weapons B. Linus Paulings contributions to the world C. Linus Paulings research on the structure of molecules D. Linus Paulings getting the Nobel Prize for Peace 【解析】选 B。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍
12、了 Linus Pauling 一生的成就及其对世界的贡献, 所 以应该选择 B 选项。 阅读理解。 Mr. Peter Johnson, aged twenty-three, battled for half an hour to escape from his trapped car yesterday when it landed upside down in three feet of water. Mr. Johnson took the only escape routethrough the boot(行李箱). Mr. Johnsons car had finished up
13、in a ditch(沟渠) at Romney Marsin, Kent after skidding on ice and hitting a bank. “Fortunately, the water began to come in only slowly,” Mr. Johnson said. “I couldnt force the doors because they were jammed against the walls of the ditch and dared not open the windows because I knew water would come f
14、looding in.” Mr. Johnson, a sweet salesman of Sitting Home, Kent, first tried to attract the attention of other motorists by sounding the horn (喇叭) and hammering on the roof and boot. Then he began his struggle to escape. Later he said, “It was really a half penny that saved my life. It was the only
15、 coin I had in my pocket and I used it to unscrew (扭下) the back seat to get into the boot. I hammered desperately with a hammer trying to make someone hear, but no help came.” It took ten minutes to unscrew the seat, and a further five minutes to clear the sweet samples from the boot. Then Mr. Johns
16、on found a wrench (扳钳) and began to work on the boot lock. Fifteen minutes passed by. “It was the only chance I had. Finally it gave, but as soon as I moved the boot lid, the water and mud poured in. I forced the lid down into the mud and scrambled(爬行) clear as the car filled up.” His hands and arms cut and bruised(擦伤), Mr. Johnson got to Beckett Farm nearby, where he was looked after by the farmers wife, Mrs. Lucy Bates. Huddled in a blanket, he said, “That thirty minutes seem
