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1、Chapter 4,The Bronte Sisters,By Song Xiaoqing and Qin Yuhua,English Department in Hetao University,I. The Bronte Sisters,Charlotte Bronte （1816-1855）， Emily Bronte （1818-1848）， and their sister Anne Bronte （1820-1849）， came from a large family of Irish origin, were called as The Bronte Sisters. They
2、 were known for their novels. They were all talented writers and all of them died young.,Charlotte Bront (18161855 ),Emily Bront (18181848),Anne Bront (18201849),勃朗特姐妹故居位于约克郡Bradford（布拉福德）西北部的Haworth（霍华斯）小镇。,Haworth是那种典型的英格兰小镇，放眼望过去都是那种英国四处可见熟悉的山谷，绿色的牧场，灰紫色的荒原，还有纵横的石头矮墙。天空中下起了细雨，厚厚的灰云压着远方的山峦。勃朗特姐妹似乎
3、成了这里的标志，商店、酒吧、公司几乎全以勃朗特命名。,以前认为勃朗特姐妹家庭并不富裕，父亲也只是一个小牧师而已。但此次勃朗特姐妹故居之行，彻底改变了我的这种印象。三姐妹的父亲虽然是牧师，但也绝不是那种没文化的人，她们的父亲16岁就考取奖学金进了剑桥。勃朗特故居，一幢两层楼的英式宅子，一个干净朴素的花园，和小镇上其他房子比起来，显得相当富足。故居上下两层楼，几十间房间，专门还有佣人房间，通过介绍也可以看到家里每时每刻都至少有两个仆人。三姐妹又学法语、德语、音乐、弟弟也是学绘画的、大钢琴摆在房间里。看一下当年姐妹们的衣饰，估计她们的家境在当时怎么都要算是中产阶级啊。,从一楼上到二楼的走廊上悬挂着其
4、弟为她三姐妹画的肖像画，看看三姐妹当时正值妙龄，意态高贵典雅，三个人都非常漂亮，张照片是在夏洛蒂的房间里拍摄的，墙正中悬挂的便是她的画像，艾米丽便是死在旁边的这个沙发上的。,这张照片是故居中的厨房，艾米丽经常在这里试新的菜谱，为家人做各种点心、面包。,故居与教堂墓地之间的石径不过五六十米，一如勃朗特姊妹短暂的生命历程，而其内涵却是深邃而丰富的。教堂是三姐妹的父亲布道的地方，夏洛蒂的婚礼也是在这里举行的（她嫁给了她父亲的助手，也是一名牧师，不过婚后八个月就去世了）。勃朗特三姐妹都挺短命的，分别活了岁、岁和岁。夏洛蒂已经是三姐妹中最长寿的一位了，她和艾米丽都埋葬在这座教堂里。妹妹安妮葬在Scarb
5、orough。,II. Personal Life,Their father was a clergyman at Haworth， Yorkshire. When they were young， the Bronte sisters were sent to a school for clergymens daughters. The oldest two died there due to the poor and unhealthy conditions. This experience inspired the later portrayal of Lowood School in
6、the novel Jane Eyre. After the death of the elder sisters， Charlotte and Emily were brought home to be educated by their father.,For some time， they worked in a boarding school & were subsequently governesses in rich families. Charlotte & her two younger sisters had a great fondness for literature.
7、In 1845 appeared a volume of poetry entitled Poems by Carrer， Ellis and Acton Bell （the pseudonyms of Charlotte， Emily and Anne）， but received little attention. Then the three sisters turned to novel writing.,Charlottes first novel The Professor was rejected by the publisher. But her second one， Jan
8、e Eyre， won immediate success when it appeared in 1847. In the same year， Emilys single & unique work Wuthering Heights & Annes Agnes Grey were also published. Soon they were followed by Annes The Tenant of Wildfell Hall （1848）。,After the death of Emily & Anne， Charlotte continued writing. Her next
9、important novel Shirley， a work about the industrial troubles between the mill-owners & machine-breakers in Yorkshire in 1811-1812 came out in 1849.,Another novel Villette appeared in 1853. This is her most autobiographical work， largely based on her experience in Brussels. In 1854， charlotte marrie
10、d her fathers curate. She died a few months later in pregnancy. The Professor， her first written work， was published posthumously in 1857.,III. Their works:,Villette 范立提（1853） Angrian 安格里安（joint work of Charlotte and their brother Branwell） Gondal贡代尔 (by Emily and Anne) Poems诗歌 by Currer, Ellis and
11、Action Bell （卡若尔。爱丽斯和安克顿。班尔-夏，艾，安的笔名）（1845）,The Professor 教授（先拒绝去世后1857发表） Jane Eyre简爱（1847） Wuthering Heights: by Emily呼啸山庄（1847） Agnes Grey:by Anne 阿格尼斯.格雷（1847） The Tenant of Wildfell Hall威尔德凡尔庄园的房客 （by Anne 1848） Shirley 谢利（1849）,IV. Charlottes Literary Creation,Charlotte Brontes works are all a
12、bout the struggle of an individual consciousness towards self-realization， about some lonely and neglected young women with a fierce longing for love, understanding and a full， happy life. In her mind, mans life is composed of perpetual battle between sin and virtue, good and evil. Besides，she is a
13、writer of realism combined with romanticism.,On one hand， she presents a vivid realistic picture of the English society by exposing the cruelty，hypocrisy and other evils of the upper classes and by showing the misery and suffering of the poor. On the other hand， her writings are marked throughout by
14、 intensity of vision and of passion.,V. Jane Eyre by charlotte Bronte,The work is one of the most popular and important novels of the Victorian age. It is noted for its sharp criticism of the existing society. At the same time , it is an intense moral fable. Rochester, has to undergo a series of phy
15、sical and moral tests to grow up and achieve her final happiness.,1. Analyze the work,2. Jane Eyres character：,Jane Eyre， an orphan child with a fiery spirit and a longing to love and be loved， a poor， plain， little governess who dares to love her master， a man superior to her in many ways， and even
16、 is brave enough to declare to the man her love for him， cuts a completely new woman image. In this novel Charlotte characterizes Jane Eyre as a naive， kind-hearted， noble-minded woman who pursues a genuine kind of love.,Jane Eyre represents those middle-class workingwomen who are struggling for recognition of their basic rights and equality as a human being. The vivid description of her intense feelings and her thought and inner conflicts brings her to the heart of the audience.,
