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1、动词的时态和语态,1(2011年高考新课标全国卷)When Alice came to，she did not know how long she_there.Ahad been lying Bhas been lying Cwas lying Dhas lain 解析：当艾丽斯醒来时，她不知道自己在那儿躺了多久。根据时态一致的原则，可排除B、D两项；由 she did not know how long.可知应用过去完成进行时，表示持续发生的动作。 答案：A,2(2011年大纲全国卷)If you dont like the drink you_， just leave it and try
2、 a different one. Aordered Bare ordering Cwill order Dhad ordered 解析：句意：如果你不喜欢你点的饮料，就别喝了，再换一种。由情境可知饮料是刚才点的，故用一般过去时。 答案：A,3(2011年高考山东卷)When I got on the bus，I_I had left my wallet at home. Awas realizing Brealized Chave realized Dwould realize 解析：句意：当我坐上公共汽车时，我才意识到我把钱包忘在家里了。根据句意知when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词表示的
3、动作和主句的谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，且从句用一般过去时。故B项正确。 答案：B,4(2011年高考福建卷)Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they_from China. Areceive Bare receiving Chave received Dhad received 解析：句意：上个月，日本政府表达了他们对收到的来自中国的援助的谢意。由语境可知，receive 这一动作发生在 expressed 动作之前，即“过去的过去”，故 receive 要用过去完成式，因此D项正确
4、。答案：D,5(2011年高考浙江卷)The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant _ in his place but, luckily, everything was going on smoothly. Agave Bgives Cwas giving Dhad given 解析：根据后置语境everything was going on smoothly 可知，空格处描述的是当时的情景，所以要用过去进行时态。句意：经理对于他的助手代替他举行的新闻发布会感到焦虑，所幸的是，一切进展顺利 答案：C,时态 1
5、考查一般现在时和现在完成时的区别 一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作或永久性的状态，而现在完成时则强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。,典例1 (2011年高考新课标全国卷)Planning so far ahead _no senseso many things will have changed by next year. Amade Bis making Cmakes Dhas made 答案 C,典例2 (2011年高考安徽卷)I didnt ask for the name list. Why_on my desk? I put it there just now in case y
6、ou needed it. Adoes it land Bhas it landed Cwill it land Dhad it landed 答案 B,2考查be going to do和willdo构成的将来时的区别 典例3 Did you tell Julia about the result? Oh，no.I forgot.I_her now. Awill be calling Bwill call Cam going to call Dam to call 答案 B, be going to可用于条件状语从句表示将来，而shall / will一般不可。 迹象表明要发生某事，只用be
7、 going to。 若强调某个意图是经过事先考虑好的，用be going to；说话时的临时决定，则用will / shall。,3考查过去时和现在完成时的区别 典例4 The book has been translated into thirty languages since it _on the market in 1973. Ahad come Bhas come Ccame Dcomes 答案 C,4考查一般过去时和过去完成时的区别 典例5 (2011年高考四川卷)What a mistake ! Yes.I_his doing it another way, but witho
8、ut success. Awas suggesting Bwill suggest Cwould suggest Dhad suggested 答案 D,一些动词的过去完成时的“特别”之意 intend，mean，hope，want，plan，suppose，expect，think等动词的过去完成时可用来表示过去未曾实现的设想、意图或希望等，含有某种惋惜之情。如：I had intended to call on you yesterday，but I had an unexpected visitor.我本来打算昨天去看你，但我有了一个不速之客。,5考查现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别 典
9、例6 (2011年高考辽宁卷) Ill go to the library as soon as I finish what I_. Awas doing Bam doing Chave done Dhad been doing 答案 B,6考查一般过去时和过去进行时的区别 典例7 I walked slowly through the market，where people _all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. Asell Bwere sell
10、ing Chas sold Dhave sold 答案 B,7现在进行时表将来 leave，go, come, arrive, start, take off等。,8将来进行时态 典例9 Guess what，weve got our visas for a shortterm visit to the UK this summer. How nice！You _a different culture then. Awill be experiencing Bhave experienced Chave been experiencing Dwill have experienced 答案 A
11、,1三种形式的被动语态(以动词give为例) 一般现在时态am/is/are given 一般过去时态was/were given 一般将来时态shall/will be given 一般过去将来时态should/would be given 现在进行时态am/is/are being given 过去进行时态was/were being given 现在完成时态has/have been given 过去完成时态had been given 将来完成时态shall/will have been given 过去将来完成时态should/would have been given,动词的被动语
12、态,典例1 (2011年高考湖南卷)In the near future, more advances in the robot technology_by scientists. Aare making Bare made Cwill make Dwill be made 解析 句意：在不久的将来，科学家们将会在机器人技术上取得更大的进步。由句中的时间状语“in the near future”可知应用一般将来时；make advances取得进步，more advances作主语，故用被动语态。 答案 D,考点归纳1：两种特殊的被动语态,1. 双宾语动词的被动语态英语中有些动词可以有两个宾
13、语，如： give, buy, bring, show, pass, offer, lend, leave, tell, write, sing, teach等，这些动词用于被动结构时，可以将其中任何一个宾语变为主语，而另一个宾语仍保留在谓语后面。如： He bought me many books. I was bought many books. 或 Many books were bought for me.,2. 短语动词的被动语态短语动词是由“动词介词”， “动词名词介词”等结构构成的动词短语，在被动语态结构中，不能漏掉其后的介词。,考点归纳2：主动表被动的若干情形,1. 系动词(如
14、look, sound, smell, feel, taste, prove等)要用主动表被动。 2. 英语中有些动词如： open, close, shut, lock, move, read, wash, clean, cook, cut, wear, carry等，当主语是物，且又表示主语的特征和状态时，要用主动形式表被动含义。3. 不定式to blame用作表语，通常用主动表被动。,4. “主语be形容词to do”结构中的不定式通常要用主动形式表示被动意义。这类形容词常见的有： convenient, comfortable, dangerous, difficult, hard, easy, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, safe, tough, unpleasant等。5. 不定式用于某些动词(如： have, get, want, need等)的宾语后作定语时，如果不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。若不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语，则应用被动式。,
