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1、翻译技巧 （二）,怎样理解原文？,实例研究,For some people hope dies slowly. 对有些人来说，希望不会轻易破灭。 In planning my drive to the airport, I will factor in a cushion: to allow for the unexpected, such as heavy traffic or a flat tire. 我在安排开车前往机场时，总会考虑留一点时间，以防路上遇到交通堵塞或者轮胎漏气等意外情况。,The blue in his fine eyes seemed to preclude his b
2、eing a Syrian, but there was an encouraging curve in his nostrils. 看他那双蓝眼睛，他似乎不可能是叙利亚人，但看他鼻子的曲线，却又使人觉得他很有可能是的。 The pace was comfortable, so I decided to stay where I was. 我觉得这种步速跑起来轻松，所以我就决定保持这种速度。,美国语言教学家Wilga M. Rivers 说过理解中要掌握三个层次的意义，即词语意义、语法或结构意义以及社会和文化意义（the three levels of meaning: lexical mea
3、ning, structural or grammatical meaning, and social-cultural meaning）。,德国译学教授Wolfram Wilss说： Translating requires the syntactic, semantic, stylistic and text-pragmatic comprehension by the translator of the original texts.（翻译过程要求译者在句法、语义、文体和语篇语用各方面对原文的进行理解。）,John Major faces severe social and econom
4、ic problems as well as tough debate over European integration, but his top priority will be to maintain the Tories long lease on 10 Downing Street. 梅杰面临严重的社会和经济问题以及关于欧洲统一的艰苦辩论，但是他的当务之急将是维系保守党的长期执政。,要理解原文语句的内部关系,He ate his savoury, and hurried the maid as she swept the crumbs. 他一边吃着最后的一道消食小吃，一边催促女佣人赶
5、快打扫碎屑。 他吃完最后的一道消食小吃，在女佣人打扫碎屑时，催她快一点。,Derek fancies himself as a ladies man, but he spends too much time admiring himself in the mirror for my liking. 德里克自以为是讨女人喜欢的人，可是为了讨我喜欢，他却花很多时间在镜子面前自我欣赏。 德里克自以为是个讨女人喜欢的人，可是我不喜欢他花那么多的时间在镜子面前自我欣赏。,课堂练习 （以下各句的译文在理解上都有问题。）,My delegation is not satisfied that the cas
6、e has yet been made for convening such a broad conference. 我方代表团对于没有人提出理由说明应召开如此广泛的会议很不满意。 我方代表团认为，还没有人提出充分理由说明应召开如此广泛的会议。（satisfy 说服，使确信）,The nationalized industries have been spoon-fed for so long that they dont care whether they give value for money, or make a profit or loss. 国有工业长期受到优厚待遇， 他们不在乎钱
7、， 也不在乎盈利或亏损。 一些国有行业长期受到优厚待遇，他们不在乎钱花得是不是值得，也不在乎盈利或亏损。,I was not quite sure whether they had locked the door; and when I dared move, I got up and went to see. Alas! no jail was ever more secure. 我不敢肯定他们是不是把门锁上了；等到我敢走动的时候，我站起身来走过去看看。天啊！没有一所监狱更加牢固。 我不敢肯定他们是不是把门锁上了；等到我敢走动的时候，我站起身来走过去看看。天啊！锁得牢牢的好象监狱一般。,Ve
8、ry hesitatingly I selected a tube of blue paint, and with infinite precaution made a mark about as big as a bean on the snow-white field. 我迟疑不决地选了一管蓝色颜料，然后小心翼翼地画了一笔，就像雪白的田野上的一粒蚕豆那么大小。 我迟疑不决地选了一管蓝色颜料，然后非常小心翼翼地在画布雪白的底色上点了豆子般大小的一点。,I agree with you that many laws are unjust, but if you make every law a
9、 matter of conscience you will end up in jail. 我同意你的意见，很多法律是不公正的，但如果你都凭良心来制定每项法律的话，你最终就得坐牢。 我同意你的意见，很多法律是不公正的，但如果你对待每项法律都要讲良心的话，你最终就得坐牢。,Ring farewell to the century of physics, the one to which we split the atom and turned silicon into computing power, 向物理世纪告别吧，在这个世纪里，我们分裂了原子，把硅变为计算机的动力。 向物理学的世纪告别吧
10、，在这个世纪里，我们实现了原子的分裂，我们把硅变成了计算能力。,The sun sets regularly on the Union Jack these days, but never on the English language. 现在太阳从英国国旗上有规则地落下，但是英语却不是这种情况。/ 现在英国国旗上照到的阳光日益减少，但英语却不是这种情况。 现在，英国已不再是个“日不落”的国家了，但是英语却还是在广泛地流行使用。（Union Jack英国国旗）,I hear the Hindoo teaching his favorite pupil the loves, wars, adag
11、es, transmitted safely to this day from poets who wrote three thousand years ago. 我听见有三千年前的诗人们书写的、完好无损地流传至今的、有印度教士传授给得意门生的、有关爱情故事、战争和格言。 我听见印度人在向他的得意门生传授爱情故事、战争和格言，这些都是由三千年前的诗人所写并完好地流传至今。,要理解特殊语言现象的特殊含义：,John is now with his parents in New York; it is three years since he was a high school teacher i
12、n Washington. 约翰现在同父母一起住在纽约；他不在华盛顿当中学教师已有三年了。 She didnt attend the meeting because she wanted to. 她去开会并不是她自己想去。,As a place to live, it left much to be desired. As a secret training base for a new plane, it was an excellent site, its remoteness effectively masking its activity. 作为居住之处，这里有许多不足之处。但作为新型
13、飞机的秘密训练基地，却是非常理想的。它地处边陲，人们不易了解其中的活动。,The teacher didnt tell her students that in so many words, but obviously something about her attitude convinced them. 老师没有用很多话把这种情况告诉学生，但她的某种态度显然使学生相信情况的确如此。 老师没有把这种情况对学生明说，但她的某种态度显然使学生相信情况的确如此。,If I am getting a free ride, how come I am so tired when I go home a
14、t the end of a shift? 如果我是免费乘车的话，我上完一次班回家后怎么会那么累呢？ 如果我上班偷闲的话，我下班回家怎么会那么累呢？,I am sorry I was a little short with you just now. I dont feel myself today. 如果我刚才陪你的时间短了一些的话，我很抱歉。今天我自己也没有感觉到。 刚才对你态度不好，我很抱歉。今天我身体有点不舒服。,要结合上下文语境进行理解：,The financial implications of this resolution remain to be defined. 本决议所涉
15、及的财政问题尚待确定。 本决议对财政工作的意义尚待阐明。 The tyrants might array their cruelty, but the people would oppose their bravery. 暴君恣意肆虐，人民则奋勇反抗。,Managers face a host of new business realities, such as changing patterns of employment that include an explosion of outsourcing and new alliances. 管理人员面对的是商界前所未有的种种现实，诸如就业的
16、模式不断变化 包括外购。重组等现象的猛增。 管理人员面对的是商界前所未有的种种现实，诸如企业用工方式的不断变化 包括大幅度增加外部采办和新建联产单位。,课堂练习：,Let it deceive them, then, a little longer; it can not deceive them too much. 那就让这事再骗他们一会儿吧，无论怎样骗他们都不算过分。 We shall never get anywhere with all the criticism and fault finding. I believe in the principle “Live and let live“. 这一套批评挑剔的做法是行不通的。我相信“互相容忍”的原则。,He said that no one could beat him at tennis, but he had to eat his word after losing several games. 他说打网球没人打得过他，但输了几场之后，他只好承认自己说错了。,
