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1、,国际贸易实务双语教程 （第三版）,(INTERNATIONAL Business Practice),清华大学出版社,Review,What are the measuring units usually used in our country?,Methods of Calculating Weight,Exercises,Chapter 7 Packing,Weight（重量）,Number（个数）,Measuring Units,Length（长度）,Area（面积）,Volume（体积）,Capacity（容积）,Package（包件）,1Weight Calculation（重量的
2、计算） 1) By Gross Weight（按毛量） 2) By Net Weight（按净重） 3) Conditioned Weight（公量） 4) Theoretical Weight（理论重量） 5) Legal Weight（法定重量）,2More or Less Clause（溢短装条款）,Chapter 7 Packing,Packing, in business practice, is one of the most important problems that confront the merchants engaged in foreign trade. It ne
3、eds more care in export trade than domestic trade. The real art of packing is to get the contents into nice, compact shape that will stay in perfect condition with nothing missing during the roughest journey.,Introduction,Section One The function of Packing,3 Practical suggestions for packing method
4、s P133,1 Problems in Transport? P131,2 Purpose of Packing? P132,1 Problems in Transport,2 Purpose of Packing,3 Practical suggestions for packing methods,Section Two Kinds/types of Packing,The kinds of cargoes are various in international trade, from the view point of whether they need packing, they
5、fall into three kinds:,Nude Cargo （裸装货）,Bulk Cargo （散装货）,Packed Cargo （包装货）,Nude cargoes or nude packed commodities refer to those kinds of cargoes whose qualities are more stable and to be shipped without any packages or in simple bundles. They are not easy to be influenced by outside circumstances
6、 and they become single pieces of their own. They are difficult to be packed or do not need any packing, such as steel products, lead ingot, timber, rubber, automobile, etc.,Nude Cargo,2) Cargo in Bulk/Bulk Cargo,Cargo in bulk refer to those goods which are shipped or even sold without packages on t
7、he conveyance in bulk, such as oil, ore, grain, coal, etc. Bulk shipment is usually applicable for large quantity of commodities that are to be shipped by means of transport with special purposed shipping equipment. Bulk shipment has the advantages of space saving, quick handling and lower freight.,
8、Packed Cargo,Most of commodities in international trade need certain degree of packing during the shipping, storing and sales process. Packed cargoes refer to those which need shipping packing, marketing packing or both.,Packing Containers,Barrel,Packing Containers,Packing Containers,Packing Contain
9、ers,Packing Containers,Packing Containers,Packing Containers,Packing Containers,Transport/Shipping Packing and Sales /Marketing Packing（运输包装和销售包装）,1) Transport/shipping (outer packing)（运输包装）,2) Sales/Marketing Packing（销售包装）,3) Neutral Packing (中性包装),The two kinds of shipping packing,(1) Single piece
10、 packing（单件运输包装）P137,(2) Collective packing（集合运输包装） P137,The cargoes are packed as a single unit, i.e., a measuring unit, in the transportation process. Single piece packing can be sub-divided into the following two kinds: According to style: cases, drums, bags, bales, bundles, etc. According to mat
11、erial: cartons, wooden cases, iron drums, wooden casks, plastic casks, paper bags, gunny bags, plastic bags, etc.,(1) Single piece packing（单件运输包装）P137,Collective packing is also called group shipping packing by which a certain number of single pieces are grouped together to form a big packing or are
12、 packed in a big container. Collective packing can be classified into:,(2) Collective packing（集合运输包装） P137, Flexible container（集装包和集装袋）, Container（集装箱）, Pallet（托盘）,P 137-138,Brands designated by the buyer,refers to the packing that the goods should be packed according to the trade marks and brands b
13、y the buyer. As to the goods to be ordered regularly in large quantities for a long time by foreign customers, in order to expand sales, we can accept trade marks designated by buyers with indicating the mark of the manufacturing country, that is, the neutral packing with brands designated by the bu
14、yers.,Sometimes we may accept trade marks or brands designated by buyers from foreign countries, but under the trade marks and brands, we indicate “Made in the Peoples Republic of China” or “ Made in China”. In some other cases, we may accept the designated trade marks or brands and at the same time
15、, under the trade marks or brands we indicate that the goods are made by a factory in the buyers country, i.e., trade marks or brands and origins designated by the buyers.,Section Three Marking of Package 包装标志,Classification of Marking Package 包装标志的分类,When talking about transport packing, the packin
16、g mark (or marking of package) of course has to be referred to. Packing mark or recognition mark refers to different diagrams, words and figures which are written, printed, or brushed on the outside of the shipping packing in order that it is easy and convenient for goods loading, unloading, store, inspection and discharge. Package should not be marked with crayons, tags or card. The best method of marking is to stencil the marks on the outside of the package. Some exporters paint the marks with a brush and indelibleink. All in all, mark should be permanent and easily read at a glance.,
