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1、【被动语态被动语态】 （一）语态：（一）语态：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。 英语中有两种语态：主动语态主动语态和和被动语态被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。 例如：Many people speak Chinese. 谓语：speak 的动作是由主语 many people 来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。 例如：Chinese is spoken by many people. 主语 English 是动词 speak 的承受者。 （二）被动语态的构成（二）被
2、动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词助动词 be及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过 be 的变化表现出来的。现以 speak 为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时：amisarespoken 一般过去时：waswerespoken 一般将来时：willshall bespoken 现在进行时：amisare beingspoken 过去进行时：was/were beingspoken 现在完成时：havehas beenspoken 过去完成时：had been + spoken （三）被动语态的用法（三）被动语态的用法 （1）不知道或没有必要说明动
3、作的执行者是谁。 例如：Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知 道是谁偷的） This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于 1981 年。 （2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 例如：The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。 This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。 Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。 （四）主动语态变被动语态的方法（
4、四）主动语态变被动语态的方法 （1）把主动语态的宾语宾语变为被动语态的主语主语。 （2）把谓语谓语变成被动结构（be过去分词过去分词） （根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数， 以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定 be 的形式）。 （3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词 by 之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如： All the people laughed at him. He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. The bikes are made by them in the factory. He
5、 cut down a tree. A tree was cut down by him. （五）含有情态动词的被动语态（五）含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词情态动词be过去分词过去分词”构成 We can repair this watch in two days. This watch can be repaired in two days. They should do it at once. It should be done at once. （六）特殊情况（六）特殊情况 1.He made the boy work for two hours
6、yesterday. The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday. 2.Mother never lets me watch TV . I am never let to watch TV by mother. 3.Jack gave Peter a Christmas present just now. （1）A Christmas present was given to Peter by Jack just now. （2）Peter was given a Christmas present by Jack just
7、now. （ ）1The Olympic Games _every four years. A are held B were held Care holding Dwill ho1d （ ）2. In the art show，a lot of enjoyment _ _to foreign friends by the Chinese paintings A is giving B is given C will give D has given （ ）3. Today Chinese is becoming more and more popular. It _in. many scho
8、ols around the world. A. teaches B. is teaching C. has taught D. is taught （ ）4. Ba Jin, one of the greatest writers in China, _as “Peoples Writer“. A. is regarded B. has regarded C. is regarding D. regards （ ）5. Usually computers _to search the Internet. A. use B. are using C. are used D. used （ ）6
9、. -Do you often clean your classroom? -Yes. Our classroom _every day. A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned （ ）7.一 Did you hear that water in Tai Lake smelt terrible? 一 YesIn fact，it _.Thats all because of the people and the factories around A polluted B was polluted C has polluted Dwas po11ute （ ）8. -Ou
10、r environment is getting worse than before. -Youre right. But thanks to Earth Day_, people have done more and more useful things to protect(保护)the earth since Earth Day. A. is started B. was started C. has started （ ）9. -I feel very happy that I _to be the host. -Congratulations! A. choose B. am cho
11、sen C. was chosen D. haven chosen （ ）10. Many trees and flowers _ in our school last year，and they made our school a beautiful garden Aplant Bplanted Chave planted Dwere planted （ ）11.Some famous paintings _in the hall next week. A. will show B. were shown C. is shown D. will be shown （ ）12. A talk
12、on developments in science and technology in the school hall next week . A. given B. will be given C. has been given D. gives （ ）13.-Great changes have taken place in this city. -Right. Many modern tall buildings have been _ these days. A. turned upB. put up C. shown up D. fixed up （ ）14.Twelve-year
13、-olds should not to drive in China. A. allow B. be allow C. allowed D. be allowed （ ）15. Do you often clean your classroom? Yes, our classroom _ every day. A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned D. Cleaned （ ）1Susan, why are you still here? They are all ready to start. Im sorry, but I _ when to meet. A. d
14、ont tell B. didnt tell C. havent told D. wasnt told （ ）2Many old houses around our school _ next year and a large green area will appear. A. pull down B. will be pulled downC. will pull down D. are pulled down （ ）3- My watch _. - Dont worry. Lets go to the Lost hold B. was; hold C. is; held D. did;
15、hold （ ）6On May 30th, , one bowl in the Ming dynasty (明朝) _ at the price of 30.36 million Hong Kong dollars. A. sell B. sold C. is sold D. was sold （ ）7The “Thousand- hand Guanyin“ _ by many people as the best performance at CCTVs Spring Festival Evening. A. has been regarded B. are regarded C. has regarded D. regards （ ）8Those eggs of different colors are very beautiful. Yes, they _ in Hangzhou. A. paintedB. were painting C. were painted
