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1、,从经济全球化和当地制度的变迁来看北京外国“门禁制度”的增长,The rise of foreign gated communities in Beijing: between economic globalizationand local institutions,吴倩雯 121001222 吴 怡 121001223 徐宜非 121001225 徐艺函 121001226 章路遥 121001232 周 玥 121001233,研究方法,Contents,段落翻译,结论,个人见解,背景,文章大意,中心思想,摘要,段落翻译,翻译 Translation,The emergence of ga
2、ted communities reflects the fragmentation of the city literally by gates and walls (Davis, 1992). The phenomenon, which might not be directly attributed to globalization, is driven by the concern for security, differentiation of lifestyles and in turn the breakdown of civic and public life, and the
3、 rise of private governance (Davis, 1992; Blakely and Snyder, 1997; Webster, 2002).,“门禁社区”的出现反映了城市由”门“和“院墙”所导致的碎片化 (Davis, 1992)，这一现象可能并不直接归因于全球化的影响，而是出于安全性和不同生活方式等因素的驱使，反过来打碎了市民市民公共生活的方式且引起了私有的治理。(Davis, 1992; Blakely and Snyder, 1997; Webster, 2002),翻译 Translation,The gated community is a popular
4、solution perceived by both government and residents towards the potential problem of social discomfort and division. For the government, the secured compound helps to reduce crime rates, maintain good public order and produce the image of a safe living environment, which are important for foreign in
5、vestment. Recent crimes against foreign investors have been tackled swiftly by the local police, which indicate the governments priority to ensure the safety of foreigners.,“门禁社区”是政府和居民认为的解决社会不安定和割裂潜在问题的“普遍”方式。对政府来说，安全性强的居民区会降低犯罪率、维护良好的公共秩序、营造安全的居住环境。这些对于吸引外国投资来说都很重要。近期当地政府迅速解决和扭转了针对外国投资者的犯罪现象，表现出政府
6、采取措施优先保护外国人的安全。,翻译 Translation,Fourth, despite the diversity and transient nature of expatriates, the gated form offers the environment to develop a sense of community. China is a racially homogeneous nation, with ethnic minorities living in the remote Western areas. In a large city such as Beijing,
7、 the Han constitute the predominant majority. While the Chinese culture is tolerant and recent worship of the Western lifestyle welcomes foreigners from developed Western economies, the linguistic and cultural barriers prevent foreigners from forming a deep relationship with local residents.,第四，尽管由于
8、外国定居者的多样性和暂居的本质。“门禁”的形式还是为环境提供了一种“社区”式的发展模式。对于中国来说，少数民族大部分居住在西部地区，这是一个很大的国家，在北京这样的大城市，汉族占了大多数。尽管中国的文化是包容和尊重西方的生活方式，欢迎来自西方发达国家的外国人，但是语言和文化上的差异却为外国人与当地居民发展更深一步的关系设置了障碍。,背 景,背景 Background,1、经济全球化作为中国的首都，外资的流入导致了10000家合资公司和跨国企业的区域性总部在北京聚集，因而同时产生了对高品质住宅的需求。As the capital of China, the inflow of foreign i
9、nvestment has led to the concentration of over 10,000 joint-ventures and regional headquarters of multinational corporations, which has created demand for high-quality residential buildings.,背景 Background,在中国加入世贸组织和成功申办08奥运会之后，北京市政府大量引进外国专家，大量流入的外国定居者使外国门禁社区的需求增长。After Chinas accession to the WTO an
10、d the successful bid to host the 2008 Summer Olympics, the Beijing municipal government introduced a large number of foreign experts, This group of foreign expatriates bring the growth of gated communities.,背景 Background,2、供求关系的影响起初外国定居者住宅上的需求超出了我国现有的国家住宅供给体系的范围，供不应求的现象刺激了外国住宅市场的发展。Initially residen
11、tial demand on foreign settlers beyond the scope of our national housing supply system, the shortage stimulated the development of the housing market.,摘 要,摘 要 Abstract,北京的外国“门禁社区”是在经济全球化和当地制度变化交织压力下产生的。Foreign gated communities in Beijing are produced by the intertwined forces of economic globalizat
12、ion and local institutional changes.,关键字：外国人的住宅市场、全球化、北京 Keywords: foreign residential market, globalization, Beijing,摘 要 Abstract,自中国改革开放以来，作为首都的背景，来自外国的投资和跨国公司的分歧蜂拥而至。结果导致了来华定居者的住宅需求急剧增加。然而，住宅供给体系亚并没有满足增长的需求，同时这些外国人住宅的建设也通过在商品房市场中新建立的部分被实现。Since Chinas economy was opened up to the world, Beijing,
13、as the capital, has seen tremendous growth of foreign direct investment and the establishment of the branches of multinational companies.As a result, there has been increasing demand for expatriate housing. However, such demand could not be accommodated by the housing provision system and the produc
14、tion of foreign housing has been materialized through the newly established sector of commodity housing.,摘 要 Abstract,外国人的住宅被修建成“门禁社区”不只是因为它们有更多的安全上的要求和社会位阶尚的差异。外国“门禁社区”的形成追溯到房屋建造和消费上的不寻常之处。Foreign housing is built into gated communities, which is attributed to more than security requirements and st
15、atus differentiation; the formation of foreign gated communities should be traced back to the unusual way in which housing is produced and consumed.空间上，外国人的住宅集中在北京的东北部地区，沿着高速公路一直通到机场。如此不均衡的分布状态加剧了北京城区融入全球化状况的差异，进一步产生社会空间上的差异。Spatially, foreign housing projects are clustered in the northeastern area of Beijing, along the highway leading to the airport.Such an uneven distribution has exacerbated the differential global orientation of the urban areas and laid down the basis for further social-spatial differentiation.,文章大意,
