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1、否定句否定句 否定句是陈述句的一种形式，对人对事总是持有否定的态度，和肯定句唱 反调，常在肯定句加上“不“字，具体如下： 1. 结构: 主语be 动词（amareiswaswere）not 说明: 当句子中有动词时，只需在肯定句中 be 的后面加 not 就 构成。例如： I am a student. I am not a student. We were at home yesterday. We were not at home yesterday. There are some apples in the box. There arent any apples in the box.
2、. 结构: 主语情态动词（can, must 等） 说明: 当句子中有情态动词时，只需在肯定句中情态动词后面加 not 就构 成。例如： Hell go to Beijing tomorrow. He wont go to Beijing tomorrow. The baby can walk and speak. The baby cant walk or speak. 3. 结构: 主词dontdoesnt/didnt原形动词。 说明: 当句中没 be 动词也没情态动词时，肯定句变否定句，则在实义动词 前加 dont / doesnt/didnt,再把实义动词还原，即构成。例如： I ha
3、ve some brothers. I dont have any brothers. My mother speaks English. My mother doesnt speak English. 4. 祈使句变否定句时，一般在句首加 Dont，但 Let us 或 Lets 开头的祈使句在 Let us 或 Lets 后加 not 即可。如： Put them over thereDont put them over there Let us go homeLet us not go home 5. 主从复合句中，主句是 I think，I believe 等结构，变否定句时，形式上否
4、定 主句，实际上否定从句。如： I think chickens can swim. I dont think chickens can swim 6. “had better 动词原形”，变否定句时为“had better not 动词原形”。如： Youd better go to school Youd better not go to school 7. 动词不定式变否定式时，常在不定式 to 前加 not。如： The teacher tells me to do it The teacher tells me not to do it 8. （1）当肯定句的谓语动词是 have，表
5、示有什么，改为否定句的方法有三 种： (A) 由 have not 其他; (B)由 have 十 no 十其他；(C)由 dont（doesnt，didnt）have 十其他。如： I have some story books. I havent any story books./I have no story books./ I dont have any story books. （2）当肯定句的谓语由 have 十其他词构成，这时 have 不当“有”讲，也不 是“助动词” ，改为否定句时，由助动词( do/does/did） nothave 构成否定 结构。如： They have
6、 breakfast at seven They dont have breakfast at seven. 9. 特殊形式的否定句，有以下几种： （1）肯定句含有 every-的合成词时，变否定句时改为 no-。如： Everything is readyNothing is ready （2）肯定句中含有 always，usually 和 ever 时，变否定句时改为 never。 如： He is always late for schoolHe is never late for school （3）肯定句含有 many，much 时，变否定句时分别改为 few，little。如： M
7、any students know himFew students know him （4）肯定句中含有 still 时，变否定句时应改为 no longer。如： Tom is still in bedTom is no longer in bed （5）肯定句含有 both名词或者 both of名词作主语时，改为否定句时 则用 neither 代替 both，并且要注意谓语动词数的变化。如： Both of us are studentsNeither of us is a student （6）肯定句含有 nearly， almost 时，变否定句时应改为 hardly。如： Lily
8、 nearly knows him Lily hardly knows him （7）肯定句含有“形容词 enough”时，变为否定句时应改为“too 形容词的反义词”。如： He is tall enough to reach itHe is too short to reach it 注意： 1）有 some 要改为 any, 但固定搭配如 do some reading, do some shopping ,do some cooking 等不用改. 2）有 too，also 要改为 either; and 要改 为 or; already 改为 yet. 把下列句子改为否定句把下列句子
9、改为否定句 基本题： 1. There is a book on the desk. _ _ a book on the desk. 2. We are going to swim. _ _ going to swim. 3. He is playing with the toy. _ _ playing with the toy. 4. Shes a nurse. _ _ a nurse. 5. There are some pigs under the tree. _ _ _ pigs under the tree. 6. They walk to school. _ _ _ to sch
10、ool. 7. Janet is 10 years old. _ _ 10 years old. 8. I am doing my homework. _ _ doing my homework. 9. The girls are doing their homework. _ _ _ doing their homework . 10. Ben is from America. _ _ _ from America. 11. She will go to the park. _ _ go to the park. 12. I was reading a book just now. _ _
11、reading a book just now. 13. Lisa likes milk very much. _ _ _ milk very much. 14. They were 15 years old two years ago. _ _ 15 years old two years ago. 15. We will do our homework tomorrow. _ _ _ our homework tomorrow. 16. They can run fast. _ _ run fast. 17. She will go to the park. _ _ go to the p
12、ark. 18. He can jump far. _ _ jump far. 19. Amy is drawing a picture. _ _ drawing a picture. 20.We are going to swim. _ _ going to swim. 提高题： 1. Amy was drawing a picture when I saw him yesterday. _ 2. Jimmy washes hands before dinner. _ 3. Ill go to the zoo with my parents this Sunday. _ 4. There a
13、re some boats on the river. _ 5. Tom did his homework yesterday evening. _ 6. She studied very hard last year. _ 7. Dick went to the park last weekend. _ 8. Mr Wang has some story books. _ 9. There was some chalk on the teachers desk this morning. _ 10. There is an apple and some oranges in the basket. _ 11. They will give a party this weekend. _ 12. There are some eggs in the box. _ 13. The baby can walk and speak. _ 14. There are some biscuits in the box _
