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1、专题十四 细节理解,高考英语 (天津市专用),A组 自主命题天津卷题组 Passage 1(2018天津夏,A)词数:332 Fire Prevention Information The University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals. They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置)systems, fire alarms, and fire extinguishers(
2、灭火器). They also provide educational programs on fire safety in the residence halls. Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room. Fire Alarms The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的)fire alarm systems whic
3、h in- clude fire alarm pull stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. For your safety, never tamper with(胡,五年高考,乱摆弄)these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment. Fire Drills
4、A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. During a fire drill, please do the following: Take your room key and ID, close and lock the door to your room. Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit; do not use a lift. Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for f
5、urther instructions. Fire Extinguishers Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so. Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situ- ation for other residents and could result in damage to pe
6、rsonal property. Misuse of a fire extin- guisher will result in fines. Smoke Detectors A smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also have heat detectors on the,ceilings. Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector: If your smoke detector is working pro
7、perly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blink- ing(闪动),contact residence hall staff immediately. Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way. If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff. 1.What is the main duty of the fire p
8、revention professionals? A.To provide part-time jobs for students. B.To lead the students to the nearest exits. C.To check and maintain fire prevention equipment. D.To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals. 2.What do the automatic fire alarm systems include? A.Pipes and smoke detectors.
9、 B.Smoke detectors and sprinklers. C.Fire alarm pull stations and pipes. D.Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations.,3.In a fire drill, the students should . A.rush quickly to a lift B.gather at the nearest exit C.shut the door and leave at once D.wait for instructions in the hall 4.What do we know a
10、bout the use of fire extinguishers? A.Using them wrongly results in punishment. B.Irresponsible use of them can damage them. C.Improper use of them can destroy the apartment. D.Using them without a trainer present is forbidden. 5.To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector, one should . A.con
11、tact the hall staff regularly B.cover the things that burn easily C.start the smoke detector in a fire D.make certain the red light is working,答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。题材为消防安全类。本文就学生宿舍楼如何预防火灾从五 个方面做了详尽的说明。 1.C 细节理解题。题干句意:预防火灾的专业人员的主要职责是什么?根据第一部分中的第 二句话(他们巡查所有的校园建筑,检验并维护所有的喷水灭火装置、火警报警器和灭火器) 可知,C项(检查并维护火灾预防设备
12、)描述的就是他们的主要职责。A项:为学生提供兼职工 作。B项:带领学生到最近的通道。D项:把老师培训成预防火灾的专业人员。这三项在文章 中均没有提及。 2.B 细节理解题。题干句意:自动火警报警系统包括什么?根据第二部分中的第二句话(大多 数校园大楼内还配备了自动火警报警系统,包括热探测器、烟雾探测器和喷水灭火装置)可知 答案为B项。A项中的 “pipes”不包含在内。C项中的两个都没有包括在内。D项中的“fire alarm pull stations”不包含在内。 3.C 细节理解题。题干句意:在火灾演练中,学生们应该 。根据第三部分中的前两个 黑点提示部分(带上钥匙和你的身份证,关上并锁
13、上你的房间门。从离你最近的紧急出口马上 离开,不要用电梯),可知,这时候学生们应该关上门马上离开,这与C项描述一致。A项:迅速跑,向电梯。这与“不要用电梯”恰好相反。B项:在最近的通道集合。让你从这里马上离开,而 不是在这里集合。D项:在宿舍楼里等候指令。由第三部分中的第三个黑点后的内容可知,是 让你离开宿舍楼在外面等候指令。 4.A 细节理解题。题干句意:我们对于使用灭火器了解些什么?根据第四部分最后一句话(错 误地使用灭火器会导致罚款)可知A项正确。B项:不负责任地使用灭火器会毁坏它们。本部 分第三句话指出不负责任地使用灭火器会对在楼内居住的其他人带来危险,故排除B项。C 项:不正确地使用
14、灭火器会毁掉整栋公寓。这个危害文章没有提及。D项:没有指导人员在现 场是禁止使用灭火器的。这一点文章也没有提及。 5.D 推理判断题。题干句意:为了保证烟雾探测器安全运转,我们应该 。根据第五部 分中第一个黑点后的提示(如果你的烟雾探测器正常工作的话,上面的红灯应该是亮着的。如 果红灯不闪烁了,立即联系宿舍管理员)可推断出,为了让烟雾探测器正常运转,一定要确保上 面的红灯是工作的。这与D项的描述相符。A项中的regularly与原文的immediately不符。其 他两项均未提及。 重点词汇 inspect vt. 检查;查看 drill n.演习 emergency exit 紧急出口 re
15、sult in 导致;带来 词汇积累 staff n. 全体职员;员工 automatic adj.自动的 detector n.探测器 resident n.居民,Passage 2(2018天津春,A)词数:330 When you choose a higher education course, here are some tips for you to follow. Choosing your course There are a range of subjects and courses available. Many are work-related;others are ac
16、ademic. Youll need to look beyond the course title because courses with almost the same name may differ enormously. For example, if youre interested in construction but wish to use your creative skills, you may be better suited to a building design management course than a building project manage- m
17、ent course. Style of learning Think about the style of learning that best suits you. Its important to study a subject that you par- ticularly enjoy, but if you want to follow a career in a different area, you may consider taking the subjects you want to learn and joining them into one degree. Many degree courses are made up of different subject modules which deal with particular areas of interest.,
