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1、西北师范大学硕士学位论文建国以来我国初中体育课程目标的比较研究姓名：肖静申请学位级别：硕士专业：指导教师：张学忠2009建国以来我国初中体育课程目标的比较研究 摘摘 要要 初中体育课程目标是初中体育课程体系的核心，是初中体育课程设计与实施的主要依据，体育课程教学实践以及体育课程的实施和评价等都要以体育课程目标的实现程度和水平为重要依据和准绳。因此初中体育课程目标的确立，不仅有助于学校体育目的、初中体育课程目标与体育教学目标之间衔接关系的认识，而且也明确了体育课程设置工作的方向。 本文期望通过运用文献资料法、历史研究法、比较研究法等方法对建以来我国各个时期初中阶段体育课程目的发展过程做历史性地研
2、究，历史的、辩证的分析建国以来我国初中体育课程目标的发展现状，总结各个时期课程目标的特点及存在的不足，并结合新世纪我国同美、日两国初中体育与健康课程目标的对比研究，借鉴吸收美、日两国初中体育课程改革及课程目标设置上的经验和先进的理念，从而更好的发挥初中体育与健康课程目标对完成初中体育教学目的所起的铺垫和引导作用；为完善初中体育课程改革及课程目标的建设和发展提供一定价值的参考。 研究表明，初中体育课程目标的形成和发展由于受社会环境（政治、经济和文化） 、教育、学生身心发展的特点、体育学科自身发展和外来教育与体育思想的影响，具有社会制约性、阶段性、继承性和客观性等特征；建国来我国初中体育课程目标在
3、内容结构和价值取向上正沿着多元化的方向发展，从以往的重视国家利益、社会利益、集体利益的社会本位逐步转向以社会需求为主兼顾学生个体、培养学生个性、 发展学生创造性的社会本位同个体本位的结合， 在设置和实施方面体现了 “生物学心理学人文社会学”的认识和提升,反映了社会需求、学生身心特点和体育课程学科体系等的发展需要。 目前，各国的基础教育体育与健康课程目标的共同趋势是注重提高学生对体育的认识，培养掌握与运用体育知识的能力注重学生掌握多种运动技能，发展体能关注增进学生健康， 形成参与体育运动的兴趣尊重理解他人.由于缺乏相应的社会背景及人文环境，在教学过程中出现了诸如实现课程目标难度大、课程目标与学生
4、的现实生活脱节等普遍现象，这些现象将势必影响体育与健康课程目标的实施，因此今后我们在确立、研制课程目标时，应当以经济和社会发展的实际需要与可能为出发点，以受教育者的全面发展为落脚点和最终目的，并结合体育学科领域先进的学科成果、学科理念，对课程目标进行精选和设计。 关键词：关键词：建国以来 初中体育课程目标发展现状 IV建国以来我国初中体育课程目标的比较研究 Abstract The goal of Junior high school physical education curriculum is the core of the junior high school physical edu
5、cation curriculum design and implementation of the basis, it not only helps school sports and objectives of physical education awareness of the relationship, but also clearly the work of the sports curriculum direction. This article expectations through the use of literature, history research, compa
6、rative study of methods for building various periods in China since junior high school stage of development of the physical education curriculum aims to do historical research and historical, dialectical analysis since the founding of Chinas junior high school physical education curriculum goals The
7、 development of the status quo, summing up the various periods curriculum goals and the characteristics of the deficiencies, and in light of the new century, China and the United States and Japan junior high school physical education and health objectives of the Comparative Study of course, absorb t
8、he United States, China and Japan junior high school physical education reform and curriculum goals Set up on the experience and advanced the concept, in order to better play the junior high school sports and health courses to complete the goal of teaching junior high school sports by the purpose of
9、 the stage and guide the role of junior high school sports to improve the curriculum reform and curriculum development objectives of the building and provide some value For reference. The research indicates that the development of Junior P.E. Curriculum Objectives is influenced by social environment
10、 (politics, economy, culture), education, the characteristics of students physical and mental development, P.E. course development and foreign education and P.E. ideas, and it takes the traits of stability, stages, social and historical nature and objectivity; The founding of Chinas junior high scho
11、ol physical education curriculum goals in the set-up and implementation emerged uniformity and flexibility of combining development trend, reflecting the needs of the community, students physical and mental characteristics and physical education curriculum subjects such as system development needs.
12、At present, all the basic education curriculum physical education and health objectives of the common trend is to improve the awareness of students on sports, culture and application of knowledge of the sport have the ability to focus on students to a variety of sports skills, physical development p
13、romote student health concerns, and establish and maintain a healthy Lifestyle-oriented students experience enjoyment, a participation in sports to understand the interest of respect for others and improve interpersonal skills. In the absence of corresponding social background and the human environm
14、ent, in the process of teaching physical education and health curriculum standards of the new sports and health courses such as the target system to achieve a goal is very difficult courses, curriculum objectives and students divorced from the realities of life, such as universal phenomenon, these p
15、henomena Will be bound to affect physical education and health curriculum goals of the implementation, So we in the future to establish, develop curriculum objectives, should be economic V建国以来我国初中体育课程目标的比较研究 and social development of the actual needs and possibilities (including present and future)
16、as the starting point, the educated to the full development of the end-result and the ultimate goal of combining sports and disciplines The field of advanced subjects results, the subject concept, the curriculum targets selected and design. Key words: since 1949; Junior P.E. Curriculum Objectives; VI建国以来我国初中体育课程目标的比较研究 独创性声明 本人声明所呈交的论文是我个人在导师指导下进行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。尽我所知，除了文中特别加以标注和致谢的地方外，论文中不包括其他人已经发表或撰写过的研究成果，也不包含为获得西北师范大学或其他教育机构的学位或证书而使用过的材料。与我一
