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1、Unit 1 Living well,Grammar,Grammar,动词不定式动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语等,但不能作谓语。不定式可以有自己的逻辑主语,即for sb. to do sth. 。,想一想!,1. 不定式作主语To finish this report took him a week.My job is to help the poor person. 2. 不定式作表语To see is to believe.What I would suggest is to put off the meeting.,3. 不定式作宾
2、语I decided to ask for my money back. 4. 不定式作宾补 1) 带to的不定式作宾补。很多动词如: allow, order, force, permit, tell, want, wish, forbid, advise, persuade, warn等后面作宾补的不定式都带to。,如: He didnt allow us to smoke in his house. 他不允许我们在他的家里吸烟。 2) 不带to的不定式作宾补。使役动词make, have, let;感官动词see, watch, observe, hear, listen to, not
3、ice等后面作宾补的不定式不带to。 如: He made a face and made everybody laugh. 他做了一个鬼脸, 逗得大家都笑了。,如果上述结构变为被动语态,不定式就由原来的宾语补足语变为主语补足语,此时第2类动词(let, have无被动语态)后原来不带to的不定式要加to。 如: He was seen to go upstairs. 有人看见他上楼去了。,Be careful!,注意:,5. 不定式作定语Do you have anything to say on the question?,注意: 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词, 或者不定式所修饰的名词或
4、代词是不定式的地点、工具等,不定式后面须有相应的介词。,He is looking for a room to live in.There is nothing to worry about. 6. 不定式作状语I stayed there to see what would happen.We were very excited to hear the news.,1. It is good to help others. 2. It is my ambition to make sure that the disabled people in our neighborhood have a
5、ccess to all public buildings. 3. My ambition is to work in the computer industry when I grow up.,Identify its function.,(subject),(subject),(predicative),想一想,4. I dont have time to sit around feeling sorry for myself. 5. I am the only student in my class to have a pet snake. 6. A big company has de
6、cided to buy it from me. 7. My fellow students have begun to accept me for who I am.,(attribute),(attribute),(object),(object),8. I have had to work hard to live a normal life. 9. Some days I am too tired to get out of bed. 10. We must call on local government to give financial assistance to disable
7、d people.,(adverbial),(adverbial),(object complement),afford, agree, appear, arrange, ask, attempt, care, choose, claim, come, consent, dare, decide, demand, deserve, determine, elect, endeavor,The following verbs are normally followed by the infinitive.,Remember!,expect, fail, get, guarantee, hate,
8、 help, hesitate hope, hurry, intend, learn, long, manage, mean, need, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise refuse, say, seem, tend, threaten, want, wish,The following verbs are normally followed by V-ing. avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, endure, enjoy, escape, forgive, finish, imagine, keep,
9、 mind, miss, pardon, prevent, resist, suggest, understand, cant help,Remember them!,The following verbs are normally followed by V-ing or the infinitive. love, like, hate, prefer, dislike, begin, continue, intend, attempt, propose, want, need, remember, forget, regret, try, deserve, start,Bear them
10、in your mind!,动词后面跟V-ing还是不定式,含义不相同,总的来说,表示习惯的, 一般性的动作多跟V-ing,一次性的具体的被动动作多跟不定式。 1) I like to go with you. 我想和你一块儿去。,重点!,I like reading. 我喜欢阅读。 He promised to help her. 他答应过要帮助她。 We love watching VCD. 我们喜欢看VCD。,2) remember, forget, regret后面跟V-ing时, 表示过去的动作,后面跟不定式时, 不定式表示将来的动作。I remember meeting him i
11、n the street. 我记得在街上见过他。 I remember to write a letter to my parents. 我想起来要给我父母亲写信。,3) “stop + V-ing”表示停止做某事, “stop + 不定式”表示停下来做某事。 Stop smoking, please. 请不要抽烟 。 Lets stop to have a rest. 咱们停下来休息一下吧。,4) mean to do 打算做某事mean doing 意味着I meant to catch up with the early bus.This means wasting a lot of m
12、oney.,5) try to do 设法尽力做某事try doing 试着做某事You should try to overcome your shortcomings.Try working out the physics problem in another way.,Practice I,1. She said she_ her uncle very much and hoped _him.A. missed, to hear from B. missed, to hearC. misses, hearing from D. misses, hearing,A,Use your hea
13、d!,2. _a living, she had to work from morning till night.A. To make B. madeC. Making D. To have made 3. Mrs Brown regretted_ his son.A. beated B. beatingC. beat D. beaten,A,B,4. I often hear him _about the great writer. A. to talk B. talkC. speaking D. to tell 5. Missing the last bus means_ home.A.
14、to walk B. walkingC. walked D. walk,B,B,6. Paul doesnt have to be made_ . He always works hard. A. study B. to study C. studied D. studying 7. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _ a look at the sports starts. A. had B. having C. to have D. have,B,C,8. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not 9. -I didnt hear you come in last night. -Thats good. We tried _ noisy.A. not to B. to be not C. to be D. not to be,
