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1、Bell work 10/20,In one sentence please tell me why it is important for a health care worker to be knowledgeable in human growth and development.,Unit 7 Human Growth and Development,7:1 Life Stages,Growth and development begins at birth and ends at death During an entire lifetime, individuals have ne
2、eds that must be met Health care workers need to be aware of the various stages and needs of the individual to provide quality health care,Life Stages,Infancy: birth to 1 year Early childhood: 1-6 years Late childhood: 6-12 years Adolescence: 12-20 years Early adulthood: 20-40 years Middle adulthood
3、: 40-65 years Late adulthood: 65 years and up,Four main types of Growth and Development,Physical: body growth Mental: mind development Emotional: feelings Social: interactions and relationships with others All four types above occur in each stage,Eriksons Stages of Psychosocial Development,Erik Erik
4、son was a psychoanalyst who identified eight stages of psychosocial development For each stage a basic conflict or need must be met See Table 7-1 in text,Infancy,Age: birth to 1 year old Conflict Trust vs. Mistrust Dramatic and rapid changes Physical development roll over, crawl, walk, grasp objects
5、 Mental developmentrespond to cold, hunger, and pain by crying. Begin to recognize surroundings and become aware of surroundings and people,Infancy,Emotional development show anger, distrust, happiness, excitement, etc. Social development self-centeredness concept of the newborn to recognition of ot
6、hers in their environment Infants are dependent on others for all needs,Bell Work 10/21,What are the four types of growth and development we will discuss for each life stage?Turn to page 191 in your bookPS Happy Friday,Early Childhood,Age: 1-6 years old Conflict: Toddler 1 to 3 years - Autonomy vs.
7、shame and doubt Preschool 3 to 6 years Initiative vs. guilt Physical development growth slower than in infancy. Muscle coordination allows the child to run, climb, move freely. Can write, draw, use a fork and knife Mental development verbal growth progresses, short attention span, at end of stage as
8、k questions, recognize letters, and some words,Early Childhood,Emotional development develop self-awareness and recognize the effect they have on other people and things. Children feel impatience and frustration as they try to do things beyond their abilities. This lead to temper tantrums (the terri
9、ble twos) Social development at beginning of stage very self-centered one year old to sociable six year old. Strong attachment to parents. Needs are food, shelter, protection, love and security.,Late Childhood,Age: 6-12 years old Conflict Industry vs. inferiority Physical development slow but steady
10、. Muscle coordination is well developed and children can engage in physical activity that require complex motor-sensory coordination Mental development developing quickly and much of the childs life centers around school. Reading and writing skills are learned, understand abstract concepts like hone
11、sty, loyalty, values and morals,Late Childhood,Emotional development - the child achieves greater independence and a more distinct personality. Fears are replaced by the ability to cope. Social development changes from activities by themselves to more group oriented. They are more ready to accept th
12、e opinions of others and learn to conform to rules, and standards of behavior. Needs are the same as infancy and early childhood along with the need for reassurance, parental approval, and peer acceptance.,Bell Work 10/26,Why is important for a health care provider to understand the needs of persons
13、 in each life stage?,Adolescence,Age: 12-20 years old Conflict Identity vs. Role Confusion Physical development growth spurts, muscle coordination slows. Development of sexual organs and secondary sexual characteristics (puberty). Secretion of sex hormones leads to the onset of menstruation in girls
14、 and the production of sperm and semen in boys. Body shape and form changes.,Adolescence,Mental development most foundations have been set. Development primarily involves an increase in knowledge and sharpening of skills. Learn to make decisions and accept responsibility for actions. Emotional devel
15、opment emotional development is often stormy and in conflict. Adolescents try to establish their identities and independence. They respond more and more to peer group influences.,Adolescence,Social development spending less time with family and more time with peer groups. They attempt to develop sel
16、f-identity and independence and seek security from their peers. Toward the end of this stage they develop a more mature attitude and develop patterns of behavior that they associate with adult behavior. Need for reassurance, support and understanding. Problems that develop in this stage can be traced to conflict and feelings of inadequacy and insecurity.,Eating Disorders,Often develop from an excessive concern for appearance Anorexia nervosa Bulimia More common in females Usually, psychological or psychiatric help is needed to treat these conditions,
