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1、补全短文1Passage1 Functions of power transmission 输电的功能输电的功能P45 The function of C：power transmission is to send power from power plants to load center or to exchange power between networks in order to attain the generation- consumption balance or the supply-demand balance between E：power networks. Power
2、 transmission is completed by step-up substations, A：step-down substations and connected transmission equipment. The transmission line mainly consists of the transmission conductors (cables),poles or towers, insulators, overhead ground wires, and grounding devices. The D：transmission at high voltage
3、 can reduce the line loss and the voltage drop, ensure the power quality, raise the economy of B：power network operation. The increase of transmission line voltage can not only raise the amount of transmitted power, but also reduce the line loss and line voltage drop, and improve the voltage quality
4、. C：动力传递：动力传递的功能是将来自发电厂的电力输送到负载中心或进行电网之 间的电力交换，以达到发电和用电或 E：电网：电网之间的供需平衡。动力传递是通 过升压变电站、A：降压变电站和连接的传输设备：降压变电站和连接的传输设备完成。 传输线主要由传输导体（线） ，杆塔，绝缘子，架空地线和接地装置等组成。 采用 D：传输在高电压：传输在高电压可以降低线路损耗和电压降，保证电源质量，提高 B： 电网运行经济性电网运行经济性。传输线电压的增加，不仅可以提高发送功率的量，同时也减 少了线路损耗和线路压降，并提高电压质量。Passage 2 Substation misoperation and i
5、ts preventing 变电站的误操作及预防变电站的误操作及预防 P55 The misoperation that can lead to C：accidents in the electrical operation of the substation mainly are: on-load switching of isolating switch; connecting E：the grounding wire (closing the grounding switch) with power on; closing the circuit breaker (isolating s
6、witch)with ground lines (ground switch) earthed. The “five preventings” for A：preventing the misoperation in substation includes: preventing the wrong opening or closing of circuit breaker; preventing the on load opening and closing of isolating switch; preventing B：the closing of grounding switch w
7、ith power on; preventing the closing of circuit breaker with grounding wire connected; preventing D：the persons from illegal entering the lived bay. 可能导致误操作 C：在变电站的电气操作事故：在变电站的电气操作事故，主要有：带负荷拉合开 关; E：带电挂接地线（合接地开关）：带电挂接地线（合接地开关）; 合断路器（隔离开关）与接地的接 地线（接地开关） 。 “五防”为 A：防止误操作的变电站：防止误操作的变电站包括：防止错误打开或关闭断路器; 防
8、止的负荷启闭隔离开关; 防止 B：接地开关关闭了电源：接地开关关闭了电源; 防止断路器的 合闸与接地线连接; 防止 D：人员误入带电间隔。：人员误入带电间隔。补全短文2Passage 3 A brief introduction on the development of supercritical boilers and their main advantages 超临界锅炉发展简史及其优势超临界锅炉发展简史及其优势 P114 In B：some advanced countries such as U.S.A, Japan and European countries, the super
9、critical boiler has been developed since the 60s of last century. It has been proved by data and experience, the supercritical unit has D： great advantages on economy and environmental protection. As for its reliability, because the steam- water flow passages in supercritical boiler is same as that
10、in the E：subcritical once- through boiler, there isnt anything special, But as far as hydraulic characteristic, a symbol of reliability, is concerned, in a supercritical boiler, under supercritical condition, medium is of single phase and water phase which has a A：good homogenization of distribution
11、. So that the problem caused by uneven distribution of steam phase and water phase can be avoided. It is admitted that, if C： whole process management is strengthened, both supercritical and subcritical units can get an excellent reliability index. B：一些先进国家：一些先进国家如美国，日本和欧洲国家，超临界锅炉已自上世纪 60 年 代开发的。它已被
12、证明是由数据和经验，在超临界部有 D：经济和环保的巨大：经济和环保的巨大 优势优势。至于它的可靠性，因为蒸汽的水流通道，在超临界锅炉是相同的 E：亚：亚 临界直流锅炉临界直流锅炉，没有什么特别的，但据水力特性，可靠性的象征，是而言，在 超临界锅炉，超临界条件下，媒体是单相和水相，其具有分布的 A 良好的均化。良好的均化。 从而可避免因蒸汽相和水相的分布不均匀的问题。它承认，如果 C：全过程管：全过程管 理理得到加强，无论是超临界和亚临界机组可以得到一个很好的可靠性指标。Passage 4 Steam generation and use 蒸汽的发生与利用蒸汽的发生与利用P119 Steam i
13、s one of mans dependable servants. More and more in the background, steam is doing more and more work for man. In B：an electrically heated home steam may be seen only at the teakettle, but the electricity used may be generated by burning coal or gas and producing steam to turn the generator rotors i
14、n the power plant. Even if E：the fuel is uranium and the heat is supplied by nuclear fission, the generation of electricity is still accomplished by A： first generating steam. In the U.S.A. the demand for electricity doubles every ten years. For the most part water resources suitable for power gener
15、ation are already in service, except for emergency standby and peak-load units; approximately 90% of D：the new generating capacity being installed utilizes steam. The C： use of steam for electric power generation is expanding in most countries of the world except for the countries where available wa
16、ter power resources are greater than power needs. 蒸汽是人的可靠的仆人。越来越多的领域里，蒸汽为人做越来越多的工作。 在 B：一个使用电热的家庭中，：一个使用电热的家庭中，可以仅在茶壶看出蒸汽，也可以通过燃烧煤或 天然气并产生蒸汽来转动发电机转子在发电厂中产生所使用的电力。即使 E： 燃料是铀和热是燃料是铀和热是由核裂变供给，电力的产生由 A：首先由蒸汽产生的：首先由蒸汽产生的。 在美国，对电力的需求每十年增加一倍。大多数适于发电的水资源已经用 于发电，除紧急备用和峰值负载单元，大约 90的 D：所安装的新发电容量：所安装的新发电容量利补全短文3用蒸汽。C：利用蒸汽发电：利用蒸汽发电的不断扩大，在世界上大多数国家，除了这里提供 的水力资源大于电力需求的国家。Passage 5 Circuit breaker 断路器断路器P125 Circuit breakers
