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1、Module 2 Fantasy literature,Grammar,Aims：（目标） 1、V-ing 形式作状语 2、V-ing 形式短语作状语时与状语从句 等复合句之间的转化,非谓语动词的分类,1、v-ing形式2、动词的过去分词（v-ed）3、动词不定式（to do.),动词ing形式分类,1、动名词（成分）2、现在分词（成分）,1、动词ing形式的否定形式为在其前加not,动词ing形式的否定形式及时态,2、动词ing形式的时态： 一般式: v-ing( 谓语同） 完成式: Having done（先于谓语）,一、 动词的-ing形式作状语,Eg. The old man lay
2、on the grass, looking at the kite in the sky.,意义： 1、动词的-ing形式作状语时，通常都表示主语正在进行的另一动作，用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬。 2、它可作:时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随状语，相当于相对应的状语从句。,1、While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. 2、It rained for two weeks, completely ruining the crops. 3、Turning to the right at the crossing,
3、you will see the post office right before you.,（时间）,（结果）,（条件）,4、Being busy and exhausted, he gave us a lot of help. 5、We Chinese eat our food using chopsticks. 6、Not knowing how to deal with the problem, the boy turned to his teacher. 7、Laughing and talking loudly, we left the party.,（让步）,（方式）,（原因）,
4、（伴随）,Seeing from the top of the hill, we can get a full view of the country.总结：,（we与see为主动关系）,现在分词作状语与句子的主语保持一致，分词 的动作是句子的主语发出的，分词动作与句子 主语为主动关系。,1、Be careful when crossing the road. 2、Dont laugh while eating. 3、Before going abroad ，he studiedin Peking University. 4、After watching TV ，he went to bed.
5、,总结： 1、为强调与谓语的动作同时发生，在-ing形式前可用连词when、while等 2、为强调在谓语动词动作之前或之后发生，在-ingv-ing形式前可用连词before或after。,On arriving in Beijing，he went to see his uncle. (as soon as）,总结： 在-ing形式短语前可用介词on/upon，表示“一.就.”.,The bus was held up by the snowstorm ,thus causing the delay.Though working hard ,he could not make enough
6、 money to pay off his debt.,总结:强调结果，可在ing形式前加副词thuscompletely。表示让步可在-ing前用though或although。,二、v-ing结构作状语与状语从句之的转化,Walking along the street, he met his old friend.2. Being ill, he didnt go to school.,When he was walking along the street, he met his old friend.,Because he was ill, he didnt go to school
7、.,3. Working hard, you will succeed.4. Being poor, the old man was happy.,If you work hard, you will succeed.,Though the old man was poor, he was happy.,注意：现在分词短语作伴随、方式、（结果）状语时，可改为并列句。,5. The boy fell off his bike, breaking his right arm.6. He sat at the table, reading a magazine.,The boy fell off h
8、is bike, and broke his right arm.,He sat at the table, and read a magazine at the same time.,Rewrite the sentences.,When he saw the witch, the boy ran away. Before he starts the war, the king speaks to the prince.,On seeing the witch, the boy ran away.,Before starting the war, the king speaks to the
9、 prince.,3. While he was fighting in the war, the prince learnt many things. 4. After he had spoken to his son, the king went to war.,While fighting in the war, the prince learnt many things.,After speaking to his son, the king went to war.,Choose the best answers.,1. Finding her car stolen, _.A. a
10、policeman was asked to helpB. the area was searched thoroughlyC. it was looked for everywhereD. she hurried to a policeman for help,D,2. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.A. Having suffered B. SufferingC. To suffer D. Suffered,A,3. _ a reply, he decided to
11、write again.A. Not receiving B. Receiving notC. Not having receivedD. Having not received,C,4. “Cant you read?” Mary said, _ to the notice.A. angrily pointing B. and point angrilyC. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing,A,5. European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport
12、in the world.A. making B. makes C. Made D. to make,A,6. It rained heavily, _ serious flooding in that country.A. caused B. to causeC. causing D. and caused,C,He had a wonderful childhood, _ with his mother to all corners of the world. （2010安徽）A. travel B. to travel C. traveled D. traveling,D,It rained heavily in the south, _ serious flooding in several provinces. （2010天津）A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause,C,小结： 1、v- ing作状语及意义2、现在分词作状语与状语从句的转化,thank you,
