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1、Unit Five,I. Views for discussion i. “The more I think of it, the more it appears to me that dress is the foundation of society.” (Thomas Carlyle) a. Dress is a reflection of popular fashion, fad, taste and ideologies. b. Dress mirrors the development of science and technology. c. Dress reflects eco
2、nomic stratification of society. d. Dress embodies personalities. ii. Mark twain,iii. Thorstein Veblen iv. Charles Reich Consciousness III v. C.S. Lewis,Thomas Carlyle (Dec. 4, 1795 Feb. 5, 1881) was a Scottish essayist and historian, whose work was hugely influential during the Victorian era.,He wa
3、s born in Ecclefechan, Dumfries and Galloway, and was educated at Annan Academy. Coming from a strictly Calvinist family, Carlyle was expected by his father to become a preacher. However, while at Edinburgh University he lost his Christian faith. Nevertheless Calvinist values remained with him throu
4、ghout his life. This combination of a religious temperament with loss of faith in orthodox Christianity made Carlyles work appealing to many Victorians who were grappling with scientific and political changes that threatened the traditional social order.,Works: Signs of the Times (1829) Sartor Resar
5、tus (1831) The French Revolution, A History (1837) On Heroes And Hero Worship And The Heroic In History (1841) Past and Present (1843) Letters and Speeches of Oliver Cromwell (1845) An Occasional Discourse on the Nigger Question Online text (1849) Latter-Day Pamphlets (1850) The Life Of John Sterlin
6、g (1851) History Of Friedrich II Of Prussia (1858),Mark Twain (l835-1910) is of local colorism, based on the Mississippi. Mark Twain is called “the Lincoln of American literature” (毫威尔斯) and “Father of the American Novel”. “开创了美国当代小说，美国的民族文学是从马克吐温开始的。” (海明威),Works: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
7、 (哈克费恩历险记): a masterpiece of humor, characterization and realism, has been considered the first modern American novel. 美国第一部现代小说。 The Gilded Age (镀金岁月) The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (汤姆索娅历险记) The Prince and the Pauper (王子和贫儿) Life on the Mississippi (密西西比河上/(密西西比河上的生活) The Celebrated Jumping Frog of
8、Caraveras County (卡拉韦拉斯县著名的跳蛙) ：成名之作,Thorstein B. Veblen (July 30, 1857 - August 3, 1929) was a Norwegian-American economist and sociologist. Educated at Carleton College, Cornell University, Johns Hopkins University and Yale University, his most famous work, The Theory of the Leisure Class (1899),
9、written while he taught at the University of Chicago, is a satiric look at American society.,Works: Why is Economics Not an Evolutionary Science The Limitations of Marginal Utility The Socialist Economics of Karl Marx - Part 1 The Socialist Economics of Karl Marx - Part 2 The Preconceptions of Econo
10、mic Science - Part 1 The Preconceptions of Economic Science - Part 2 The Preconceptions of Economic Science - Part 3 Bhm-Bawerks Definition of Capital Fishers Capital and Income Fishers Rate of Interest Theory of Business Enterprise,The Theory of the Leisure Class The Vested Interests and the Common
11、 Man The Barbarian Status of Women The Beginnings of Ownership Higher Education in America Imperial Germany and the Industrial Revolution (1915) The Irksomeness of Labor The Engineers and the Price System,Reich : The former Yale Law School professor and founding board member of the Natural Resources
12、 Defense Council will continue to pursue that goal by offering a series of four lectures at the Law School in October. Reich graduated from Oberlin College in 1949, and received his LL.B. from Yale Law School in 1952. After graduation, he was a clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Hugo L. Black.,He b
13、ecame an associate professor of law at Yale in 1960, and from 1964 to 1974, he was professor of law at the University, where he taught a variety of subjects, including property. From 1991 to 1995, he was a visiting professor at Yale, teaching a course entitled “The Individual Sector.” Since 1974, Re
14、ich has written widely on topics relating to the environment, government power, public welfare and individual wellbeing. He has also been a visiting professor at the University of San Francisco Law School, and the University of California at Santa Barbara.,Clive Staples Lewis (1898-1963)：one of the
15、intellectual giants of the twentieth century and arguably the most influential Christian writer of his day. He was a Fellow and Tutor in English literature at Oxford University until 1954 when he was unanimously elected to the Chair of Medieval and Renaissance English at Cambridge University, a posi
16、tion he held until his retirement.,克里夫斯坦普斯刘易斯：literary criticism, childrens literature, fantasy literature, and popular theology. 英国著名学者、文学家，毕生研究文学、哲学、神学，尤其对中古及文艺复兴时期的英国文学造诣尤深，堪称为英国乃至世界文学的巨擘，一生的著作包括了诗集、小说、童话、文学批评，以及阐明基督教精义的作品不下五十多本，他二十六岁开始在牛津担任助教，后来被当代誉为“最伟大的牛津人”，“20世纪的基督教骑士”，也是二十世纪最具领导地位的作家兼思想家。,纳尼
17、亚传奇（The Chronicles of Narnia）：包括七本魔法师的外甥（The Magicians Nephew，1955）、狮王、妖婆和大衣柜（The Lion the Witch and the Wardrobe，1950）、能言马和王子（The Horse and His Boy，1954）、凯斯宾王子（Prince Caspian，1951）、“黎明踏浪者”号远航（The Voyage of the Dawn Treader，1952）、银椅（The Silver Chair，1953）、最后之战（The Last Battle，1956）（“纳尼亚之父”） “空间三部曲”：来自寂静的星球（Out of the Silent Planet，1938）、皮尔兰德拉（Perelandra，一译漫游金星，1943）和骇人的力量（That Hideous Strength，一译那股邪恶的力量，1945）。故事讲述了英国语言学家兰森（Ransom）的遭遇。,
