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1、Dual-Aircraft Investigation of the Inner Core of Hurricane Nobert. PART: Mesoscale Distribution of ice Particles,Speaker:Liou 2007/03/29,Houze, R. A., Jr., F. D. Marks, Jr., and R. A. Black, 1992: J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 943-962.,Introduction,層狀降水的冰粒子 來源在哪? 如何傳送? NOAA WP-3D雷達 資料如何收集? 資料如何分析?,Data collec
2、tion and analysis,Flight pattern. Radar reflectivity data Classification of particle images Mapping of ice-particle data Mapping of flight-path wind and vertical velocity data,Three-dimensional radar reflectivity structure,Eyewall echo pattern at 1-, 3-, 6-, and 9-km level. Vertical cross sections t
3、hrough the eyewall Vertical cross sections through the stratifrorm region outside the eyewall.,Mapping of ice-particle data obtained at 6-km level,Mass concentration Median volume diameter Number concentration Particle size Schematic pattern of ice-particle characteristics at the 6-km level,Relation
4、ship of vertical and horizontal air motion at flight level to precipitation and microphysical fields,Trajectory analysis,Conclusions,First large size: 眼牆上的強對流產生的冰雹 High concentration: 上升氣流所產生的冰晶(secondary ice production)和眼牆中的冰粒子靠著二次環流傳送到此處 Second large size: 由眼牆經過二次環流經過疊合過程所產生的large size,2DC (cloud
5、probe) 0.052DC0.5 2DC-small 0.552DC1.05 2DC-medium (unit: mm) 1.052DC 2DC-large 2DP (precipitation probe) 0.22DP2 2DP-small 22DP4 2DP-medium 42DP 2DP-largeBlack and Hallett (1986),columnar,nearly round,aggregates,Number of data sample.,色階深淺代表10、20、25、30、35、40dbz,圖形類似，小於0.2mm的降水物質數量很小 位於6KM處，在0度線以上假設都為冰,0.552DC1.0522DP4,
