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1、Chapter Four Letter Writing,-Letters are important means of communication. Good letter-writing skills involve appropriate use of language, good organization of content and appropriate style and tone.,-According to the different purposes of writing, letters may be classified into two main types: soci
2、al correspondence and business letters.,I The layout of a letter,The heading; The inside address; The salutation; The body; The complimentary close; The signature.,Part 1: The heading,1. The parts of the heading: -the full address of the writer and the date of the letter 2. The location of the headi
3、ng: -in the top right-hand corner (blocked or indented style) or the top left hand corner (often in block style); 3. The punctuation: -It may or may not have end punctuation (Americans do not use any punctuation, but the British usually use a comma after each line and a period after the last line).
4、4. Special occasion -For letter-head stationery is used, the writer only needs to put the date below the printed matter-two or three spaces below the printed matter.,5. Arrangement of the address in the heading: -first line: the house number, the name of the street or road -second line:the name of t
5、he town or city, the name of the state orprovince, the postal code (second line); -last line:the name of the country 6. The date of the letter: -it can be the last line of the heading or two spaces below the addressJanuary 15, 1997 or January 15th, 199715 January, 1997 or 15th January, 199715 Januar
6、y 1997 or 15th January 1997,Here are two examples of the heading:,平头式（Block style）:1575 Oak Avenue, Apt.75Evanston, Illinois 60201U.S.A.Oct.7, 2000 缩行式(Indented style):Foreign Languages Department,East China Normal University,Shanghai, 200062,P.R.China,8 Nov., 2000.,My address: Room 915, Foreign Lan
7、guages Department, Heilongjiang Institute of Science and Technology, #1 Tangchang Street, Songbei District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150027, P.R.China, 25 Feb., 2008.(Note: If there are too many words in one item, arrange them on two or more lines but indent them. ),Part 2: The inside address,1. Parts o
8、f it:-full name with title and full address of the person you are writing to; 2. Location:-It should be below the date line against the left margin.,3. The acceptable abbreviations:1) Before the name: Mr. (pl. Messers) Mrs. (pl. Mmes.)Miss Ms. Dr. e.g. Mr. John Smith / Prof. John Smith / Dr. Mark Br
9、ownMiss Elizabeth Henry2) After the name: Jr. Sr. Esq. Ph.D.e.g. Henry Barker, Esq. (英) 亨利.巴克先生Jack Horn, Jr./ Paul Harvey,Sr.William Kramer, Ph.D.,4. How to address your letter:a. If you know the receiver-use full name and titlee.g. Mr. James Allenb. If you are not sure of the receiver-use the name
10、 of the organization concernede.g. Harper & Giant Ltd. c. If you write to certain person but dont know his or her name-use the occupational titlee.g. The Sales ManagerThe DirectorThe Secretary,An example of inside address:,Mr. James AllenExecutive Secretary tothe ChairmanMartin & Simmons, Inc.234 Co
11、mmonwealth AvenueBoston, MA 23456U. S. A.,Part 3: The Salutation,The Definition -greeting to your addressee 2. Location -two spaces below and should be in line with the inside address 3. What to put-The word “dear” is used to begin the salutation. Firstname, surname or full name (with or without tit
12、le) of the addressee can be used according to your relationship with the recipient. 4. Punctuation-comma or colon should be put after the salutation,e.g. 1: Dear Mary, Dear Smith, Dear Mary Smith,Dear Ms. Smith, Dear Ms. Mary Smith, e.g. 2: Dear Prof. BlackDear Dr. Henry WhiteDear Sir or Dear Madam
13、(if you dont know the name)Dear Sir or Madam (if you dont know the sex of your addressee)To Whom It May Concern (usually for reference letter, recommendation letter, expertise report, etc.),Part 4: The Body,Location1) two spaces below the salutation2) indented (five letters to the right) or block st
14、yle3) single-spaced within paragraph double-spacedbetween paragraphs,Part 5: The Complimentary Close,The closing ofa business letter,Complimentary close,Signature,The typed name,Location -two spaces or so below the body of the letter on the right-hand side or left-hand side or in the center of the p
15、age 2. Punctuation-a comma after the close 3. First letter should be capitalized. 4. The conventional complimentary closes:1) in business letters:Yours truly, Truly yours, Yours sincerely, Sincerely yours, Respectfully, Faithfully, etc.2) in personal letters:Yours affectionately, Lovingly yours, You
16、rs with love, With best wishes , etc.,Part 6 The Signature,1. Put it between the complimentary close and the typed name. 2. Use pinyin spelling or Chinese characters in ink. 3. Sign your full name for business letters, your full name or your given name or even a nickname for personal letters.,Note: Besides the six essential parts, a letter may also include some other items.,
