《非谓语动词(含高考真题)》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《非谓语动词(含高考真题)（62页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、非谓语动词Non-predicate Verbs,高考语法复习系列,一 什么叫非谓语动词？与谓语动词有什么区别？ 二 非谓语动词有哪些？ 有哪些具体的不同形式？ 三 不同的非谓语动词表示的动作与谓语动词表示 的动作的先后关系是什么？ 四 非谓语动词在句中通常作什么成分？,要点知识检查及重难点强调与提醒,一、什么叫非谓语动词？与谓语动词有什么区别？非谓语动词就是不能作句子谓语而具有其他语法功能的动词。, At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and _down to eat our pi
2、cnic lunch. (2005上海）A. sitting B. having sat C. to sit D. sat,D, Prices of daily goods _ through a computer can be lower than store prices. A. are bought B. bought C. have been bought D. buying,B,非谓语,不定式（to do),过去分词(-ed),- ing 分词,-ed 分词,二 非谓语动词有哪些？,非谓语动词有哪些不同的形式？,动词不定式,过去分词,to be done,to have been d
3、one,being done,having been done,及物动词的过去分词既表示被动又表示动作已完成, 个别动词的过去分词只表示完成(多数为不及物动词),主动形式,被动形式,to do,to have done,doing,having done,不定式除一般式、完成式以外还有_,进行式,done,- ing 分词,三 非谓语动词所表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作的先后关系是什么？弄清非谓语动词表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作 之间的先后关系是解题的关键所在,在谓语表示的动作之后,与谓语表示的动作同时发生,在谓语表示的动作之前,to do/to be done,to do/to be do
4、ne /to be doing ; doing/being done ;,done; to have done/to have been done ; having done/having been done,四 非谓语动词在句中通常作什么成分？,不定式和ing分词均能作主语，二者有何区别？1.表示某一具体的动作时，多用不定式；表示比较抽象的一般行为倾向的，多用动名词。2.动名词作主语 时通常位于句首；不定式作主语时常置于句末，用it作形式主语放在句首。1) Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here. 2) It is not very good for you to smo
5、ke so much.,(抽象),(具体),Seeing is believing. To see is to believe. 若主语和表语都是非谓语动词, 应保持形式上的一致。,1). Its necessary to be prepared for a jobinterview. _the answers readywill be of great help. A. To have B. Having had C. Have D. Having 2). In fact _ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important
6、 match. A. this B. that C. there D. it,D,D,下列句型中常用动名词作主语:,It is/was,no use/good,not any use/good,of little use/good,useless,+doing sth.,不定式和动名词都可作宾语, 有何区别？,2. 有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语,3.有些动词后既可以跟不定式又可以跟动名词作宾语，意义上无多大区别,4.有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词作宾语，但意义上有明显差别,1. 有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语,1. 有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如： manage, promise, pre
7、tend, plan, offer, agree, ask, dare, choose, fail, help(帮助)，want(想要) ,refuse等。,2. 有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，如： practise, appreciate, dislike, excuse, forgive, keep, resist, risk, deny, advise, fancy, complete, forbid, permit, allow, stand, refer to, give up, lead to, take to, set about, get down to, object to,
8、succeed in, have difficulty in.,1) I cant stand _ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _ talking while she works. A. working; stopping B. to work; stopping C. working; to stop D. to work; to stop 2) He got well-prepared for the job interview,for he couldnt risk _ the good opportunity. A. t
9、o lose B. losing C. to be lost D. being lost,C,B,3.有些动词如begin, start; love, like, hate, prefer后既可以跟不定式又可以跟ing分词作宾语，意义上无多大区别(但ing分词一般表示经常性的行为；不定式表示具体的行为)。I like _ very much, but I dontlike _ this afternoon.A. swimming, swimming B. to swim, to swimC. swimming, to swim D. to swim, swimming,C,Little Jim
10、 should love _ to the theatre this eveningA. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking 如果like, love, prefer前有would/should, 后面则应该接动词不定式。,A,A,would like 还有哪些用法？,思考：下列情况中动词后接不定式还是接ing 分词作宾语呢？,Only then did I begin _ (see) she was really good to me. The moment he returned home, I was starting/begi
11、nning _ (cook) supper. The water began _ (freeze).,4.有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词作宾语，但意义上有明显差别。 讨论：有哪些单词或短语？ go on (stop/remember/regret)to do/doingcant help to do / doing be used to do / doing( get used to doing)(used to do),Children should be allowed _ their own decisions.A. making B. to make C. make D. h
12、aving made,B,My advisor encouraged _ a summercourse to improve my writing skills. A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take,D,1.能接带to的不定式作宾语补足语和主语补足语的动词有： ask, advise, tell, force, get, allow, want, wish, like, hate, prefer, intend,expect, encourage, persuade, permit, request,ord
13、er, warn, cause等。,使役动词，感官动词接不带to 的不定式作宾语补足语；和带to的不定式作主语补足语。常见的使役动词有make, let, have等； 感官动词有see, hear, watch, observe, notice, feel以及look at, listen to等。,翻译：你宁愿让谁和你一起去？,3. 不定式和分词作宾语补足语或主语补足语表达的意义不同。 I heard her _( sing) an English song just now. I heard her _ (sing) an English song when I passed by he
14、r room yesterday. I heard the English song _( sing) many times. (4) I heard the English song _( sing) when I passed by her room yesterday.,sing,singing,sung,being sung,不定式、ing 分词和过去分词都可以作定语，主要区别在于它们的时态意义和语态意义。不定式作定语和被修饰的名词具有 “动宾关系”, 即被修饰的名词是不定式的动作的承受者; 如果不定式是不及物动词，就要在不定式动词后加上相应的介词,分词作定语与动词不定式作定语的区别是： 现在分词表示主动、进行之意；过去分词表 示被动与完成；而不定式表示在谓语动词表 示的动作之后即将发生的动作。例如： The question _ (discuss) at the meeting yesterday is of quite importance. The question _ (discuss) at the meeting now is of quite importance. The question _ (discuss) at the meeting tomorrow is of quite importance.,
