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1、直接引语变间接引语讲解,I am the king of the whole world.,What does the lion say?,直接引语就是一字不改的引述别人的话语。直接引语一般放在引号之内。 间接引语就是用说话人自己的话语引述别人的话语。,直接引语为陈述句的时候,变为间接引语又that引导。引述动词为say，tell等等。同时，根据主句的要求，在人称、时态及其他方面作相应的变化。,人称变化,“I want to buy a suit,” he said.He said (that) he wanted to buy a suit. He said to me,“ Ive left
2、 my book in your room.”He told me that he had left his book in my room.,指示代词的变化,He said,“ These books are mine.”He said that those books were his.,状语的变化,He said, “It is nine oclock now.”He said that it was nine oclock then.now then today that day,状语的变化,He said, “My sister was here three days ago.”He
3、 said that his sister had been there three days before.,直接引语,间接引语,指示代词,时 间 状 语,地点状语,方向性动词,this,that,these,those,now,then,today,that day,this week,that week,yesterday,the day before,last week,the week before,four days ago,four days before,the day before yesterday,two days before,tomorrow,the next/fol
4、lowing day,next month,the next/following month,here,there,come,go,bring,take,情态动词,can, may, must,could,might,had to,时态的变化,如果主句为现在时，从句的时态则无需变化。 主句的时态是过去时时： 从句中：一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 过去完成时一般将来时 过去将来时现在进行时 过去进行时现在完成时 过去完成时过去完成时 不变,一般现在时 一般过去时,“He doesnt appear to have much money,” I said.I said that he did
5、not appear to have much money.,一般过去时 过去完成时,“My sister taught me some of Chinese characters,” she said.She said her sister had taught her some of Chinese characters.,一般将来时 过去将来时,“There wont be any spare aircraft tomorrow morning,” I told the manager.I told the manager that there wouldnt be any spare
6、aircraft the next morning.,现在进行时 过去进行时,“I am using the knife,” he said.He said that he was using the knife.,现在完成时 过去完成时,“Ive met you somewhere before,” I told the secretary.I told the secretary that I had met her somewhere before.,过去完成时 不变,He said,“ I had finished my homework before supper.”He said
7、that he had finished his homework before supper.,有时候直接引语是并列句或者是复合句，但是变化方法和上面的一样。 “This is the craziest thing I have heard so far,” she thought.She thought that that was the craziest thing she had heard so far.,直接引语为疑问句的时候,直接引语为疑问句的时候，由whether，if或者是疑问代词、疑问副词引导，引述动词为ask，wonder等等。与直接引语是陈述句一样，要在人称、时态及其他
8、方面作相应的变化。,直接引语为一般疑问句,“Have you got any thoughts about next weekend?” he asked me.He asked me if/whether I had got any thoughts about the next weekend.,直接引语为特殊疑问句,“How many guests were present at the party?” I asked the organizer.I asked the organizer how many guests were present at the party.,直接引语为祈
9、使句的时候,直接引语为祈使句的时候，变为间接引语时，多用动词不定式。 “Do some shopping for me, please,” he said to her.He asked her to do shopping for him.,注意事项,1) 人称 2) 时态 3) 相应的时间地点状语 4) 标点符号 5） 大小写 6） 问号改为句号 7） 语序-疑问改陈述 8） 宾语从句由什么引出 9) 祈使句要使用动词不定式来引述,宾语从句,No one realizes his pain. No one realizes (that) he has suffered a great de
10、al of pain.宾语从句 陈述句一般疑问句特殊疑问句,一个句子做宾语,1. 陈述句做宾语 that,We know him.We know (that) he is a good man.宾语从句中that 可省略2. Ive learned (that) love heals all wounds.3. 我认为我们可能快迟到了。I think (that) we may be late.,2. 一般疑问句作宾语 whether/if,Does he need my help?我不知道他需不需要我的帮助。I dont know whether he needs my help.2. 没人
11、知道他会不会来。No one knows whether he will come.,疑问句变陈述语序 是否：whether / if,2. 没人知道他会不会来。 No one knows whether he will come. No one knows whether or not he will come. No one knows if he will come.No one knew whether he would come.,3. 特殊疑问句作宾语,Where is the post office?我不知道邮局在哪里。I dont know where the post office is.,疑问句变陈述语序 疑问词变作连接词,小结,陈述句 (that) + 句子 一般疑问句 whether / or + 陈述语序 特殊疑问句 how/ when/where + 陈述语序 4. 引导词that不能省略的情况，以及形式宾语的讲解。见语法书p311,
