《英语语法ppt之不定式theinfinitive》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语语法ppt之不定式theinfinitive（51页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Non-finite verbs,Japan issues atomic energy emergency after earthquakeJapan declared an atomic power emergency Friday, ordering the evacuation of thousands of residents living nearby the Fukushima nuclear power plant, which was damaged in that countrys 8.9-magnitude earthquake. This marks the first
2、time that Japan has issued such a warning for one of its nuclear facilities.,The New York Times reports that a continuing major concern at the Fukushima 1 nuclear power plant, northeast of Tokyo, is over its cooling system. In a separate AP dispatch, Japanese officials announced their plan to releas
3、e “slightly radioactive“ vapor that had built up in the system since the quake disabled normal cooling functions. Pressure in one of the plants six cooling towers had increased to a level 1.5 times whats considered normal, the wire service reported.,The plants cooling facility requires an uninterrup
4、ted supply of electricity to cool the heat from radioactive fuel rods even after engineers have taken the remainder of the plant offline.,Non-finite verbs,Infinitivepresent participle Participlepast participle Gerund,The Infinitive,Classification of the infinitive Tenses and voices of the infinitive
5、Functions of the infinitive,Introduction,1、坚持就是胜利。 2、我们活着就是为了寻找爱。 3、他假装没有看见我。 4、我不喜欢你总是议论琐碎的事情。 5、据说他们一直在云南搜集民歌。 6、他讨厌被阿谀奉承。,1. To persevere means victory.subject 2. We live to seek for love.adverbial of purpose 3. He pretended not to have seen me. object 4. I dont like you to be constantly arguing
6、about trifles.object complement 5. They are said to have been collecting folk songs in Yunnan.subject complement 6. He hates to be flattered. object; passive,Classification of the infinitive,1. “to” infinitive2. The bare infinitive 3. The split infinitive,to infinitive,To see one time is better than
7、 to hear a hundred times. 百闻不如一见。To err is human; to forgive divine. 犯错是人之常情，宽恕才难能可贵。,The bare infinitive,(see PP220-223) (1) After modal verbs He should take good care of his parents.(2) Going together with the auxiliary verbs to express different tenses Tomorrow we shall have finished the work.,(3
8、) Idiomatic expressions cannot but cannot choose but can do nothing but cannot help but cannot do better than had better / had best would rather / would sooner / would just as soon may / might (just) as well,(4) Why hear tell/say,(7) Coordinate subject, object, and complement Its quite necessary for
9、 us to read more and have more practice. (8) Come, go, run 用于祈使句，其后常用不带to的不定式（美国英语）; and 放中间（英国英语）。 Come have supper with us. Go ask her. Run help your mother.,Use of “would rather”,“宁愿、宁可、更、最好、还是为好”。美国英语中多用had rather。Mr. Li would rather not listen to rock music. 李先生不愿意听摇滚音乐。,(1) 如果在两者中进行取舍，表示“宁愿而不愿
10、，与其宁可”时，可用would ratherthan或wouldrather than句型 I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema. The children would walk there rather than take a bus.,(2) rather thanwould Rather than work in such bad condition, he would give up. (3) Would rather和than后都接不带to的动词不定式，若选用的动词相同，那么than 后的动词可以省略。 I wou
11、ld rather have noodles than (have) rice. 我宁愿吃面条也不吃米饭。,(4) 使用would ratherthan句型时要注意“平行结构”，即在than 的前后要用两个同类的词或词组，如两个名词、两个不定式、两个介词短语等。 I would rather go to work by bike than by bus. I would rather talk with his mother than with his father.(5) would rather+从句，是一个常用的虚拟语气句型。谓语用过去时表示现在或将来。用过去完成时表示过去的动作。引导从
12、句的that常省略。 “宁愿某人做某事” Wed rather he paid us the money tomorrow. We would rather you had not done that.,(6) 如果只涉及主语本人而不涉及另一个人，则would rather后不接that从句而接have done结构。 I would rather have gone to the theatre than stayed at home yesterday evening. 我真希望昨天晚上去看了戏而不是呆在家里。 I would rather have left a note on her
13、desk. 我本想留张字条在她书桌上的。We went by sea but Id rather have gone by air.=Id prefer to have gone by air 我们是乘船去的，可我本想乘飞机去。（我愿意乘飞机去，可我的愿望未能实现。）,Use of “rather than”,rather than 不与would连用时，表示客观事实，意为“是而不是；与其不如”。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。,连接两个名词或代词 He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一
14、个海员不如说他是个探险者。 You rather than I are going to go camping. 是你而不是我要去要野营。 连接两个形容词 与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。 The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap.,连接两个介词(短语)或动名词 我们是在教室里开会，不是在大厅里。 We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall. 她喜欢唱歌，而不喜欢跳舞。 She enjoys singing rather
15、 than dancing. 连接两个分句 是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。 We should help him rather than he should help us.,连接两个不定式 我决定写信而不打电话。 I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. 注意：rather than 后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to, 如上句。但rather than位于句首时，则只能接不带to 的不定式。如： Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at ha
16、lf price. 他唯恐蔬菜烂掉，把它们以半价卖掉了。连接两个动词 He ran rather than walked. 他是跑来的，而不是走来的。,The split infinitive,I am glad to always find her in high spirits.He likes to half close his eyes, thinking over the questions.,Tenses and voices of the infinitive,The infinitive has the active voice and the passive voice an
17、d the indefinite, the perfective, the progressive, and the perfective progressive tenses.,1、他证明自己是个懦夫。 He proved himself to be a coward. 2、你现在应当已经干完了。You are supposed to have finished by now. 3、认识了你很高兴。So pleased to have made your acquaintance. 4、我不愿意你把时间这样瞎混掉。I dont want you to be idling your time away. 5、很高兴这段时间和你一起工作。 Its a great pleasure to have been working with you. 6、我请求解除我的职务。I asked to be relieved of my job. 7、据报道银行昨天在光天化日之下被抢了。The bank is reported to have been robbed on broad daylight yesterday.,
