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1、Unit 1 Friendship 课文背景： This is a true story. It took place in Amsterdam, Holland in the early 1940s after the German Nazis had occupied most of Europe. The Nazi Party ruled Germany from 1933 to 1945. One of their key policies was to kill all the Jews in Europe. If any persons known to be Jews were
2、found, they would be sent to concentration camps, mostly in Poland. Families were separated. To avoid this terrible fate, some Jewish families went into hiding, often with the help of non-Jewish friends. This diary was written during the time when Anne and her family moved to escape from being kille
3、d by the Nazis. 单元知识点： 1. Are you good to your friend? 你对你的朋友好吗？ be good to sb. 对好, 对亲切 be good to old people. 对老人要亲切。 【发散思维】 be good for：适于 , 对 有好处 do good to sb. ：对有益， 相当于 do sb. good e.g. She is good to the little girl =she is kind to the little girl The food is good for our health =The food does
4、 good to our health =The food does our health good 2. add用作及物动词或不及物动词，有“ 增加，增添 ” 等意思，可构成如下短语： add up 把加起来 add up to 合计达；总计达 addto 把增加到 上 add to 增加（ increase ） e.g. add the figures up / together. 把这些数字加起来 Add more salt to the soup and the soup will taste better. 向汤里再加点盐，汤的味道就会更好。 Bad weather adds to
5、our difficulty 坏天气增加了我们困难。 The figures add up to 1000 这些数字总计为1000。 1). _ something _ what Ive said please, John. 2). Please _ these figures for me. 3). What he did has _ our difficulties. 4). The cost _ 1000 yuan. 3. go without： 没有也行 ；没有 也勉强能应付 e.g. The man cant go without cigarettes. 这人不吸烟不行。【趁热打铁】
6、 There is no money for a holiday this year; well have to _ it. A. go on B. go over C. go without D. go for 答案： C 4. pay 付款 She paid the driver and got out of the taxi. 她付钱给司机后下了出租车。 【同义词辨析】 pay, cost, take, spend pay 其主语是人，常用于pay for 结构中。 cost 常用事物作主语 ,一般不用于被动式。后面可接双宾语。 take 常用于 It takes sb. some ti
7、me to do sth. spend 常用于 spend in (doing sth.) 或 on sth.结构中。 【趁热打铁】 1）The pen _ me three dollars. 2) I _ three dollars on the pen. 3) I _ three dollars for the pen. 4) It _ them three months to build the bridge. 答案： 1）cost;2) spent;3) paid; 4) took 5. get it repaired ：get sth. done ; 相当于 have sth. do
8、ne. e.g. The washing machine doesnt work. Ill get it repaired. 洗衣机坏了，我得找人修理一下。 还可用于 get sb. to do sth. 和 get sb. doing sth. 结构中。 【趁热打铁】 1）Let me try now. Ill get the car _(go). 2) When are you going to get your hair _(cut). 3) I ll get him _ (do) the work. 答案： 1）going; 2）cut; 3) to do 6. upset v. 使不
9、安，使心烦；打乱，搅乱（计划等）；make sb. unhappy; change a plan or situation adj.心烦意乱的（不置于名词前）；（胃等） 不舒服的； （计划等）unhappy; worried; disturbed e.g. The bad news upset him. Anne was very upset that the family had to move. 7. be concerned about ：be worried about 为而担心 We re all concerned about her safety. 我们都为她的安全担忧。 【发散
10、思维】 concern n. 担心，挂念，后常跟about /for 。 e.g. She showed a lot of concern for her daughters illness. 她非常担心她女儿的病情。 vt. (事情)与有关；使操心 e.g. That doesn t concern us. 那与我们无关。 8. ignore: 忽视；不理睬（pay no attention to sth ）e.g. He ignores the doctors advice and goes on smoking. 9. calm: adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的 v.（使）平静；（使）镇
11、静 calm down: make one become calm 使某人平静下来 e.g. Lets go and calm your angry brother down. It is calm weather. 无风的天气。 10. take care of 照顾照看，相当于look after The children are taken good care of in the nursery school. 孩子们在托儿所里受到良好的照顾。 take care 单独用表示“ 小心” ，“ 当心” ，相当于 look out/be careful e.g. Look out (take
12、 care ; be careful) ！Here comes the bus. 11. while walking the dog : 相当于 while you were walking the dog 的省略。 e.g. You were too careless while (you were ) driving. 你开车时太粗心大意了 . While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 上句中 while walking the dog = while you were w
13、alking the dog. While 后省略了 主语 you 和 be动词 were。while 或 when 引导的时间状语从句，如果从句中 的主语和主句中的主语是同一个人或物时，可省去从句中的主语和be动词. 12. Cheat: n. 骗子 vt.欺骗，欺诈cheat sb (out) of sth 骗取某人某物 cheat sb into doing sth 骗某人做某事 vi.作弊，舞弊e.g. He was caught cheating in an exam. 13. should have done 过去本该干某事而事实上没干 shouldn t have done 过去
14、本不应该干某事而事实上干了 e.g. You _( finish) your homework yesterday, but you didn t. I was really anxious about you. You _(leave) home without a word. 14. else adj. 其他的，其余的 e.g. I want to tell you something else. 我想告诉你其他事情。 Who else wants to go? 还有谁想去？ 【同义词辨析】 else, other, rest else 常用在疑问词和不定代词之后，后可加s 表示所属关系。
15、 other 通常放在名词前面作定语，也可当作代词使用。 rest 通常与 the 连用，后常有 of 短语， the rest 相当于代词。 【趁热打铁】 1）We need ten _ chairs. 2) There are _ ways of doing this exercise. 3) This must be someone _ fault. 4) Where _ did you go? 5）Five of them are from England, and _ are from the U.S.A. 答案： 1）other; 2) other; 3) elses; 4) else; 5) the rest/the others 【点击高考】I hear they arent pleased with the house youve chosen for them. Well ,_ could they live in such comfort? NMET 2003 北京， 27 A. Where else B. what else C. how D. why 答案： A 15. reason n. 原因, 理由 W
