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1、1孟子孟子集锦集锦 Translated by James Legge 古之人与民偕乐，故能乐也。梁惠王上 The ancients caused the people to have pleasure as well as themselves, and therefore they could enjoy it. 以五十步笑百步，则何如？梁惠王上 What would you think those who run fifty paces were to laugh at those who run a hundred paces? 仁者无敌。梁惠王上 The benevolent has
2、 no enemy. 夫子言之，于我心有戚戚焉。梁惠王上 When you, Master, spoke those words, the movements of compassion began to work in my mind. 老吾老，以及人之老；幼吾幼，以及人之幼。梁惠王上 Treat with the reverence due to age the elders in your own family, so that the elders in the families of others shall be similarly treated; treat with the
3、kindness due to youth the young in your own family, so that the young in the families of others shall be similarly treated. 权，然后知轻重；度，然后知长短。梁惠王上 By weighing, we know what things are heavy, and what light. By measuring, we know what things are long, and what short. 以若所为求若所欲，犹缘木而求鱼也。梁惠王上 But if you do
4、 what you do to seek for what you desire, doing it moreover with all your heart, you will assuredly afterwards meet with calamity. 乐民之乐者，民亦乐其乐；忧民之忧者，民亦忧其忧。梁惠王下 When a ruler rejoices in the joy of his people, they also rejoice in his joy; when he grieves at the sorrow of his people, they also grieve
5、at his sorrow. 虽有智慧，不如乘势；虽有镃基，不如待时。公孙丑上 A man may have wisdom and discernment, but that is not like embracing the favorable opportunity. A man may have instruments of husbandry, but that is not like waiting for the farming seasons. 事半古之人，功必倍之。公孙丑上 With half the merit of the ancients, double their ac
6、hievements is sure to be realized. 持其志，无暴其气。公孙丑上 Maintain firm the will, and do no violence to the passion-nature. 我知言，我善养吾浩然之气。公孙丑上 I understand words, I am skilful in nourishing my vast, flowing passion-nature. 助之长者，揠苗者也非徒无益，而又害之。公孙丑上2They who assist it to grow long pull out their corn. What they
7、do is not only of no benefit to the nature, but it also injures it. 圣人之于民，亦类也。出于其类，拔乎其萃，自生民以来，未有盛于孔子也。 公孙丑上 But they stand out from their fellows, and rise above the level, and from the birth of mankind till now, there never has been one so complete as Confucius. 以力服人者，非心服也，力不赡也；以德服人者，中心悦而诚服也。公 孙丑上
8、When one by force subdues men, they do not submit to him in heart. They submit because their strength is not adequate to resist. When one subdues men by virtue, in their hearts core they are pleased, and sincerely submit. 尊贤使能，俊杰在位，则天下之士皆悦，而愿立于其朝矣。公孙丑上 If a ruler give honor to men of talents and vir
9、tue and employ the able, so that offices shall all be filled by individuals of distinction and mark; then all the scholars of the empire will be pleased, and wish to stand in his court. 祸福无不自己求之者。公孙丑上 Calamity and happiness in all cases are mens own seeking. 天作孽，犹可违；自作孽，不可活。公孙丑上 When Heaven sends do
10、wn calamities, it is still possible to escape from them; when we occasion the calamities ourselves, it is not possible any longer to live. 由是观之，无恻隐之心，非人也；无羞恶之心，非人也；无辞让之心，非人也； 无是非之心，非人也。公孙丑上 From this case we may perceive that the feeling of commiseration is essential to man, that the feeling of sham
11、e and dislike is essential to man, that the feeling of modesty and complaisance is essential to man, and that the feeling of approving and disapproving is essential to man. 恻隐之心，仁之端也；羞恶之心，义之端也；辞让之心，礼之端也；是非之心， 智之端也。公孙丑上 The feeling of commiseration is the principle of benevolence. The feeling of sham
12、e and dislike is the principle of righteousness. The feeling of modesty and complaisance is the principle of propriety. The feeling of approving and disapproving is the principle of knowledge. 夫仁，天之尊爵也，人之安宅也。公孙丑上 Now, benevolence is the most honorable dignity conferred by Heaven, and the quiet home
13、in which man should dwell. 君子莫大乎与人为善。公孙丑上 There is no attribute of the superior man greater than his helping men to practice virtue.3天时不如地利，地利不如人和。公孙丑下 Opportunities of time vouchsafed by Heaven are not equal to advantages of situation afforded by the Earth, and advantages of situation afforded by t
14、he Earth are not equal to the Union arising from the accord of men. 得道者多助，失道者寡助。公孙丑下 He who finds the proper course has many to assist him. He who loses the proper course has few to assist him. 上有好者，下必有甚焉者矣。滕文公上 What the superior likes, his inferiors will be found to like exceedingly. 父子有亲，君臣有义，夫妇有别
15、，长幼有序，朋友有信。滕文公上 Between father and son, there should be affection; between sovereign and minister, righteousness; between husband and wife, attention to their separate functions; between old and young, a proper order; and between friends, fidelity. 分人以财谓之惠，教人以善谓之忠，为天下得人者谓之仁。滕文公上 The imparting by a m
16、an to others of his wealth, is called “a kindness”. The teaching others what is good, is called “the exercise of fidelity”. The finding a man who shall benefit the empire, is called “benevolence”. 或劳心，或劳力，劳心者治人，劳力者治于人；治于人者食人，治人者食于人， 天下之通义也。滕文公上 Some labor with their minds, and some labor with their strength. Those who labor with
