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1、English Lexicology,Beihua University Jeff Zhang,Introduction,The Nature and Domain (scope) of English Lexicology Its Relation to other Disciplines Methods of Study Aims and significance of the course,What is Lexicology?,Definition: Lexicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins an
2、d meanings of words. It has two Greek Morphemes: Lexicon (word) + logie (the study of) Aim: morphological structure, semantic structure, historical development, sense relation, formation and usage,Nature of Lexicology,theoretically-oriented course: concerned with the basic theory of words practical
3、course: dealing with words and idioms,Its Relation to other Disciplines I,Morphology: Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structure or forms of words, primarily through the use of morpheme construct. Lexicology discusses the inflections of words, word-formation and examine how morp
4、hemes are combined to form words, even to sentences.,Its Relation to other Disciplines II,Etymology: Etymology deals with the origins, history of the form, meaning of words and English is originated from early Germanic tribes. Lexicology studies how the small vocabulary has grown into a huge modern
5、English vocabulary and explain the changes that have taken place in the forms of meanings.,Its Relation to other Disciplines III,Semantics: Semantics is the study of meaning of different linguistic levels: lexis, syntax, utterance, discourse. Lexicology focuses on the lexical level, dealing with the
6、 types of meaning and sense relations such as :Polysemy, homonymy synonymy, Antonymy, hyponymy, and semantic field, which constitute an important part of lexicology,Its Relation to other Disciplines IV,Stylistics: Stylistics is the study of style. It is concerned with the users choices of linguistic
7、 element in a particular context for special effects, including lexis, phonology, syntax, graphology. Lexicology concentrates on lexis, exploring the stylistic value of words.,Its Relation to other Disciplines V,Lexicography: Lexicography deals with the same problems with lexicology: the form , mean
8、ing , origins and usage of words. They have pragmatic differences. A lexicographers task is to record the language as it is used to so as to present the genuine picture of words to the reader, providing authoritative reference . While the student of lexicology is to acquire the knowledge and informa
9、tion of lexis so as to increase their lexical awareness and capacity of language use.,Methods of Study Lexicology,Two approaches: Synchronic & diachronic Synchronic: words can be studied at a point in time, disregarding whatever changes might be taking place. Diachronic: Consider the word historical
10、ly, looking into its origin and changes in form and meaning.,Example,Synchronically: Wife: a married woman, esp. in relation to her husband. Obsolete meaning “ woman” midwife , housewife. Diachronically: Wife. Evolving from Old English of wif, which means “woman” Later it is specialized in the cours
11、e of development to the modern meaning.,Significance of the course I,Without grammar very little can be conveyed; Without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed _Wilkins. No matter how well the student learns grammar, no matter how successfully he masters the sound of a second language, without words to
12、 express a wide range of meanings, communication in that language can not happen in any meaningful way (McCarthy lexicologist) English Lexicology deals with English vocabulary, this course will be beneficial.,Significance of the course II,Morphological structure of English words and rules of word-formation Information of historical development and Principles of classification Semantic structure of words and Types of meaning & their sense relations Dictionary This is the end of Introduction,
