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1、1 四Unit 1 Great women and their achievements 一、语言要点I 单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词汇部分词语辨析1. campaign / war / battle 2.worth / worthy / worthwhile 3. argue / debate 词形变化1. connect vt.连接；联系；接通电话vi.连接，衔接connection n.联系，关系；连接2. argue vt. war 2). campaign 2. worth / worthy / worthwhile 【解释】worth 只能作表语， 其后接钱数、
2、名词或及物动词的动名词的主动一般形式: be worth doing worthy 可作表语，后接 of+名词 /of+动名词的被动形式/不定式的被动形式: be worthy of + n. / of being done / to be done 也作定语， “ 值得 的” ， “ 有价值的 ” ：a worthy winner 名副其实的赢家worthwhile 可作表语和定语: a worthwhile job 值得做的工作it is worthwhile to do/doing 【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1). The necklace was _ 100 fran
3、cs at most. 2). It s _ to discuss the question again.3). You would find it _ your while to come to the meeting. 4). Can t you find something _ doing at all? The book is _ _ _ (很值得读 ) a second time. 5). This place of interest is worthy _ _ _ / _ _ _ /_ _ _ ( 参观 ). Keys: 1). worth 2). worthwhile 3). w
4、orth 4). worth; well worth reading 5). of a visit / of being visited / to be visited 3. argue / debate 【解释】argue指某人坚持自己的主张，举出事实和理由说服某人或反对其他方面的意见。 debate 指辩论者长在自己的立场公开争论一个问题。 【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1). We _ with her _ how to go there. 2). They _ the case for hours. 3). They _ the question openly. 4).
5、Last week, our class had a _ over whether middle school students should carry cell phones at school. Keys: 1). argued; about 2). argued 3). debated 4). debate III 词性变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）1. connect vt.连接；联系；接通电话vi.连接，衔接connection n.联系，关系；连接2. argue vt. don t make a fool of yourself. 注意你的举止, 别闹出笑话来。2). How
6、 is your new car behaving? 你的新车性能如何？重点用法 behave oneself 使某人自己举止规矩behaviour towards/to. 对 的态度 /行为练习 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1). It s hard to train children to _ _ (举止得体 ) at the table. 2). She is always _ _ ( 举止得体 ) at school. 3). Their _ (behave) _ ( 介词 ) me shows that they do not like me. Keys: 1). be
7、have well 2). well behaved 3). behaviour towards 2. achievement n.c 成就，功绩achieve vt. 取得，完成典例 1). He received the Nobel Prize for his scientific achievements. 他因科学上取得的成就而获得诺贝尔奖。2). Flying across the Atlantic for the first time was a great achievement. 首次飞越大西洋是一个伟大的功绩。重点用法 achieve an aim / goal 达到目标ac
8、hieve success 获得成功练习 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1). Without the support of the people we can _ _. 2). I have achieved only half of _ I hope to do. 3). Congratulations to you (介词 ) _ such a complete victory. Keys: 1). achieve nothing 2). what 3). on; achieving 3. observe vt. 观察；观测；遵守observation n.u 观察；观测；监视典例
9、 1). The police observed the man entering/enter the bank. 警方监视着那男子进入银行的情况。2). The woman was observed to follow him closely. 有人看到那女子紧跟着他。重点用法 observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事(已做完 ) observe sb. doing sth. 观察某人正在做某事under observation 被监视练习 用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空或翻译。1). They were observed _ (enter) the bank then. 2)
10、. Keynes _ _ ( 观察到 ) humans fall into two classes. 4 Keys: 1). entering 2). observed that 4. respect vt. for 3). for 5. argue vt. about; of 6. support vt. to 2). delivered/gave; in V 重点词组（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. look down upon/on 蔑视；瞧不起典例 1). She looks down on people whove never been to university. 她瞧不起没上过大
11、学的人。2). You can t look down upon a person because he is poor. 你不能因为某个人穷而瞧不起他。重点用法 look 短语：look on sb./ sth. as = consider sb./ sth. as 把某人看作look on 袖手旁观look into sth. 调查或观察某事物look up 查阅 (单词、资料 )；向上看look (sb.) up and down 上下打量 (某人 ) look out for sb/sth 警惕或留心某人/物练习 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1). He was _ _
12、_ ( 被人看不起 ) because of his humble background. 2). He is _ _ _ ( 被认为是 ) the leading authority on the subject. 3). If you want to know how a word is used, _it _ in a dictionary. Keys: 1). looked down on 2). looked on as 3). look; up 2. refer to 谈到；查阅；参考；查询；提及；指 而言典例 1). We agreed never to refer to the
13、 matter again. 我们同意不再谈这件事了。2). She thought I was referring to her daughter when we were talking. 当我们谈话时她以为我指的是她的女儿。重点用法 refer to sb./sth. as 把某人 /物称作refer sth./sb. to 把某事提交；让某人向 求助练习 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1). Although she didn t mention any names, everyone knew who she was _ _(指). 2). He gave the spe
14、ech _ _ _ (没有参阅 ) his notes. 3). He likes to _ _ _ _ ( 被称为 ) “ Doctor Khee” . 4). My doctor referred me _ ( 介词 ) a hospital specialist. 6 Keys: 1). referring to 2). without referring to 3). be referred to as 4). to 3. come across = run across = meet by chance (偶然 ) 遇见；碰见典例 1). I came across an old s
15、chool friend in Oxford Street this morning. 今天早上我在牛津大街碰见一位老校友。2). She came across some old photographs in a drawer. 她在抽屉里偶然发现一些旧照片。短语归纳 come 短语：come about = happen 发生come from 来自come out 出现；开花；出版或发表；透露；显出come up 升起；发生；出现come up with sth 找到或提出（答案办法等）练习 用 come 短语的适当形式填空。1). I _ _ some new words while reading. 2). His new book will _ _ next month. 3). She _ _ _ a new idea for increasi
