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1、- 1 - 单项选择冠词和名词名词词组以及普通名词在具体语境中的运用名词的可数和不可数名词作定语和在一些固定短语中的用法冠词常见的习惯搭配用法和部分物质名词、抽象名词具体化之后的冠词用法名词作直接定语与名词所有格作定语的区别名词作定语和其同根的形容词作定语的区别冠词在固定短语中的有无问题经典易错题会诊命题角度1 名词词组以及普通名词在具体语境中的运用1 (典型例题精选 )I always read the on the bottlecarefully and take the right amount of medicine. A. explanations B. instructions C
2、. descriptions D. introductions 考场错解 A 专家把脉 本题考查名词。该题题意为:总是认真阅读药瓶上的说明,并服用正确的剂量。 A 项“ 解释, 说明 (某种原因或理由) ” ;B 项 “ 说明,指导 (怎么做或做什么) ” ;C 项“ 描绘,描述 (某事或某事的过程) ” ;D 项“ 介绍 (某人 ) ” 。对症下药 B 2(典型例题精选 )school children must be taught how to dealwith dangerous A. states B. conditions C. situations D. positions 考场错
3、解 B 或 D 专家把脉 词义辨析。 state 状况,状态;condltlon 条件;situation 形势,情况;position位置。本题意为:一定要教给学生们怎样处理危险情况。对症下药 C3 (典型例题精选The face of four famous American presidentson Mount Rushmore can be seen from a of 60 miles. A. length B. distance C. way D. space 考场错解 A 或 D 专家把脉 名词按意义可划分为普通名词和专有名词。这道题主要是要辨清四个名词的具体含义。 length
4、 长度;distance 距离;way 道路,方法;space空间,太空。结构 “a distance of+数字 ” 来表示 “ 有 的距离 ” 。对症下药 B 4 (典型例题精选The young dancers looked so charmingin their beautiful clothes that we took pictures ofthem. A. many of B. masses of C. the number of D. a large amount of 考场错解 A 或 D 专家把脉 此题考查表示 “ 许多 ” 的名词修饰语。many,masses of,a
5、Bumber of,a 1arge amount of 都可以表示 “ 许多的;大量的” ;其中 many,a number of 修饰可数名词复数,- 2 - amount of 修饰不可数名词,masses of既可修饰可数名词,又可修饰不可数名词。对症下药 B 5 (典型例题精选Chinese arts have won the of a lotof people outside China. A. enjoyment B. appreciation C. entertainment D. reputation 考场错解 D 专家把脉 考生看到arts与 won 易与 “ 名誉 ” (r
6、epu - tation) 联系起来。对症下药 B apperciation 指赢得了别人的欣赏。6 (典型例题精选He proved himself a true gentleman and thebeauty of his was seen at its best when he worked with others. A. temper B. appearance C. talent D. character 考场错解 A 或 c 专家把脉 本题考查意义相近名词的用法。temper 脾气;appearance外貌,仪表;talent 天才,才能; character 品性,性格,品质。根
7、据句意应该是指和别人共同工作时的性格,因此填 character。对症下药 D 专家会诊1英语中专有名词是指个人、国家、地方、机构、组织等所有专有的名称,如Asia,the Nile , china,tlle Gteat wall 普通名词又可分为个体名词(一般为可数 ),表示一类的人或物的个体,如:car,book,student 等;集体名词 (一般为不可数),表示一群人或一类物的集合体,如: jewelry ,class, majority 等;抽象名词 (一般为不可数),表示品质、行为、状态、感情或其他抽象概念,如:danger,an ger,friendship,encouragem
8、ent 等;物质名词(一般为不可数 ),表示无法分为个体的实物,如:salt, water,coffee,silk 等 o 2 名词词组一般由一个中心名词来构成,如: the World Cup, a womall teacher, the blind等。 也可以是 “ 限定词 +前置修饰词 +中心词 +后置修饰词 ” 来构成,如: a four miles?trip 或 a four mile trip ,a son-4n-law 等 o 考场思维训练1 Flight BA 123 to Vienna is now boarding at . A. Gate 21 B. 21 st Gate
9、 C. the Gate 21 D. 21 Gate 1A 解析: Gate 21指 21 号门,也可说the 21st Gate2 Now I come here at the of Mr. Smith to assisthim finishing the work. A. require B. remark C. demand D. request 2D 解析: at the request of sb或 at sb?s request是固定短语,“ 应某人的请求” 。3 She waited in for her mother s letter. A. anxious B. anxiet
10、y C. anxiously D. antique 3B 解析:短语in anxiety 表示 “ 处于一种焦虑的状态或情态。”4 There is a constant flow of people from the countryside into the cities, eager for the of modem society. A. benefits B. goods C. pleasures D. possessions 4A 解析: benefit“优良条件 ” ,作可数名词讲。 命题角度2 名词的可数和不可数1 (典型例题精选To make members of a team
11、 perform better,the trainer first of all has to - 3 - know their and weaknesses. A. strengths B. benefits C. techniques D. values 考场错解 B 专家把脉 本题考查名词的基本意义和用法。strength 力量,长处;benefit 利益, 好处;technique 技术; value 价值。根据句意训练者首先要了解队员的优缺点。应选答案 A。对症下药 A 2 (典型例题精选he on his face told me that hewas angry. A. impr
12、ession B. sight C. appearance D. expression 考场错解 C专家把脉 本题考查名词在具体语言环境中的应用。impression 印象; sight 视力, 视野; appearance( 段时间内 )到场; expression 表示,表达,表情。此句意为:他脸上的表情告诉我,他生气了。对症下药 D 3 (经典题 ) Father went to the doctor for _ about hisheart disease. A. an advice B. advice C. some advices D. the advices 考场错解 C 专家把
13、脉 advice 为不可数名词,没有复数形式。对症下药 B 4 (经典题 ) It was so crowded in the bus that there was for me. A. no room B. no rooms C. some room D. no spaces 考场错解 D 专家把脉 room 作“ 房间 ” 讲为可数名词,作“ 空间,余地 ” 讲为不可数名词。C 项不 符合逻辑。对症下药 A 专家会诊1有些名词一词多义,同一个名词表示这个意义时是可数表示个体事物),表示另一个意义时是不可数(表示抽象概念)。如: experience 作“ 经验 ” 讲时是不可数名词,作“
14、经历 ”讲时是可数名词。2有些名词用作可数名词时,表示个体的人或物;而用作不可数名词时,则表示一类的人或物的集合体。例如:My grandfather?hair is grey (泛指头发 ) she has got grey hairs(指一根根头发 ) 这些名词的单复数形式有不同的含义,再如:water 水, waters 水域; danger 危险,a danger一个危险人物;advice(劝告 ), advices(消息 );ann(手臂 ),arms(军火 );cloth( 布),clothes(衣服); custom(习惯 ),customs海关 )等。考场思维训练1 Four
15、are visiting our school now, two of them are . A. Russians ; policemen B. Russians ; policeman C. Russian man; policemen D. Russian; policemen 1A 解析:考查名词的复数形式。Russian 的复数形式是Russianso 2 You know I have no for foreign languages. - 4 - A. knowledges B. gift C. character D. characters 2B 解析: sift 天赋。 kn
16、owledge 是不可数名词。3 Perhaps we need to clear away these books to make for our new students. A. place B. area C. room D. space 3C 解析:这里room 用作不可数名词,表示“ 空间 ” 。命题角度3 名词作定is和在一些固定短语中的用法1.( 典型例题精选At tile meeting they discussed three different to the study of mathematics. A. approaches B. means C. methods D. ways 考场错解 B、 C 或 D 专家把脉 本题考查名词的同义词辨析。approach 接近方法,表示“ 的方法 ” 常与 to 连用; mean