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1、非谓语动词考点,非谓语动词使用条件,一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。,She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.,非谓语题的解题总方法与思路：,1.先看四个答案：如果四个答案分别为动词原形、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等情况，那么这个题多半是非谓语动词题。2.看符号：中间有个逗号，末尾有个句号（有时中间没有逗号）；3.看有没有连接词（引导词）：如果用逗号隔开的两个部分都没
2、有连接词的话，一部分是句子时，那么另一部分就一定是非句子，而非句子里的动词就是非谓语动词。,4.定语态：如果本句的主语（或动词自带的逻辑主语）与它是逻辑上的主谓关系，那么答案一般用V-ing形式；如果本句的主语（或动词自带的逻辑主语）与它是逻辑上的动宾关系（被动关系），那么答案一般用V-ed形式。 5.定时态：如果非谓语的动作比谓语先（或先很久）发生，那么非谓语动词要用完成式（to have done/to have been done/ having done/ Having been done），否则我们要用非谓语的一般式（to do / to be done / doing / bein
3、g done / done）。,非谓语动词的句法功能,可充当成分: 主语 , 宾语, 宾语补足语, 表语, 定语, 状语.,一、不定式,动词不定式,To do that sort of thing is foolish。,I want to see you this evening,All you have to do is to finish it quickly.,We found a house to live in.,She came here to study English.,I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the
4、operation.,主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,宾补,1.不定式作主语 （表示具体的一次性动作）,To lose your heart means failure. It took me only five minutes to finish the job. To do two things at a time is to do neither,作主语,不定式做主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词之前。,To see is to believe,Not to get there in time is your fault.,注：常用it做形式主语，将to do放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。,句型
5、1：It + 谓语 + to do,It takes us an hour _ get there by bus.,句型2：Its + n. + to do,Its our duty _ help the poor.,It is a great enjoyment _ spend our holiday in the mountains,句型3：It is adj. for/of sb. to do sth.,It is + adj + for sb to do sth It is + adj + of sb to do sth,（是形容人的品质的 ）,（是形容事物的性质的 ）,It is e
6、asy for me to finish this work before ten. It is a great honor for us to be present at your birthday party.,It is very kind of you to give me some help.Its impolite of you to speak to the teacher like that.,You are very kind to give me some help.,you are impolite to speak to the teacher like that.,注
7、意： 如果不定式是不及物的，它后面就应有必要的介词。如：,He is looking for a room to live in ,Please give me a knife to cut with,(5)作状语,表示目的、原因、结果或条件。,I came here to see you We were very excited to hear the news He hurried to the school to find nobody there . To look at him，you would like him,(目的),(原因),(结果),(条件),不定式运用口诀本领最多不定式
8、，主、表、宾、补、定和状。样样成分都能干，只有谓语它不敢。大家千万要当心，有时它把句型改，作主宾时用“it”, 自己在后把身藏。七个感官三使役， 宾补要把to甩开；疑问词后接上它，宾语从句可充当；逻辑主语不定式，不定式前for sb. ;to前not是否定， 各种用法区别开。,不定式在七个感官动词see, hear, feel, watch,find, notice, listen to, 三个使役动词 let, have, make等后作宾补时,to要省略,2.不定式作宾语,You neednt bother to come yourself. They are considering wh
9、at to do next. Some who were famous in their own times would find it difficult to achieve success today.,afford、promise、refuse、expect、hope、learn、offer、wish、want、fail、plan、agree、forget、like、prefer、decide、manage、try、arrange、determine、desire,常见动词有：,(2)作宾语,I want to know this matter.,like, demand, expec
10、t, promise, begin, determine, refuse, offer, fail, manage, learn, seem, intend, prefer, forget, mean, prepare, pretend, continue, start, afford, hate等,I dont expect to meet you here.,1).,接不定式做宾语,1. They wanted _( get ) on the bus, didnt they? 2. He said he wished _( be ) a professor. 3. I agreed_ (
11、go ) there with the doctor. 4. My daughter preferred _ ( dance ) when she was in her twenties. 5. He had promised _ ( give ) me a hand.,4. it作形式宾语,I find/feel to work with him interesting ,I find/feel it interesting to work with him,注意：不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后，而用it作形式宾语。,Subject+ find/
12、think/feel/make/ consider it+adj/n + to do sth.,1.We thought _ better _ start early. 2.Do you consider _ better not _ go? 3. I feel _ my duty _ change all that. 4.We think _ important _ obey the law. 5.I know _ impossible _ finish so much homework in a day.,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，使句子完整、正确。 1.Let me _(help)
13、 you _ (water) the flowers. 2.Little Sandy would love _(take) to the cinema this evening. 3. Though he often made his deskmate _(cry), today he was made _(cry) by his deskmate. 4. I saw him _ into the small store. A. went B. going C. to go D. has gone 5. Tell the boy _ out of the window. not to look
14、 B. to not look C. dont look D. not look,help,(to)water,to take,cry,to cry,B. 常跟疑问词+不定式作宾语的动词: tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, explain know, show, discover, see(understand) He taught us how to use the tool. No one could tell me where to get the book. I hope youll advise
15、me what to do.,I dont know how to get there.,I havent decided whether to go or stay.,1. I think youll grow _ him when you know him better. Aliking Bto be like Cto like Dto be liking,2. I dont know whether you happen , but Im going to study in the U.S.A. this September . Ato be heard Bto be hearing C
16、to hear Dto have heard,3.不定式作表语,What she wants to do most now is (to) travel abroad. The most important thing is to take measures to prevent the pollution. 主语的内容或性质,He is to marry Rose.,表按计划要做的事情.,4.不定式作定语,I need a pen to write with. Charles Lindbergh is the first man to fly the Atlantic alone. The meeting to be held tomorrow is very important.,
