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1、情态动词 modal verbs,can could may might shall should must will would ought to,have to dare (darent) need (neednt) used to,情态动词,表示推测,不表示推测,可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need 、 dare,情态动词 (+动词原形),行为动词,.,need,dare,1.无人称和数的变化;,2.尤其用于：,*否定句及疑问句中;,*在if/whether之后;,*或与hardly, never, no one, nobody连用;,3.常以neednt 和darent 的形式出现;,4
2、.dare有其过去时dared.,多用于肯定句;(sb.) need to dodare to do (sth.) need to bedone(sth.) need doing,判断正误:,How dare you say such a thing?How dare you to say such a thing?,He darent to speak English before such a crowd, did he?He darent speak English before such a crowd, dare he?,Nobody need to be afraid of cat
3、ching the disease.Nobody need be afraid of catching the disease.,These dishes need be cleaned carefully.These dishes need to be cleaned carefully.These dishes need cleaning carefully.,注意对need问句的回答:-Need I finish the work today?-Yes, _.No, _.No, _.,you must,you neednt,you dont have to,neednt 对其它情态动词的
4、回答:-Shall I tell John about it?-No, you _.-Must we do it now? -No, you _.,neednt (dont have to),neednt (dont have to),表示推测情态动词的重要用法.,肯定的推测可能的推测否定的推测疑问的推测,must/should,对将来 对现在 对过去,情态动词,may, might,cant, couldnt,can, could,+ V. + V. + have done 常见must be + be doing,+ V. + V. + have done+ be doing可以用not表
5、示“可能不”,+V. + V. + have done+ be doing,+ V. + V. + have done+ be doing,must,1.must 表示推测时， 只能用于肯定句。,There must be something wrong with the computer.,. （10北京23） -Good morning. Ive got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.-Ah, good morning. You be Mrs. Peters. A. might B. must C. w
6、ould D. can,2.must +be doing/do 表示对现在的动作进行肯定推测,He must be reading novels now.,They have bought a new car. They must have a lot of money.,（10浙江17）“You _ have a wrong number,” she said. “Theres no one of that name here.”A. need B. can C. must D. would,3.must +have done 表示对过去发生的事情作出的肯定判断,The road is we
7、t. It must have rained last night.,.(07上海29) Guess what？ I have got A for my term paper. Great!You read widely and put a lot of work into it. A.must B.should C.must have D.should have,【10安徽32】 Jack described his father, who a brave boy many years ago, as a strongwilled manA. would be B. would have b
8、een C. must be D. must have been,may/might,1.may/might表示推测时，只能用于陈述句，表示对现在或将来要发生的动作把握不大。,They may come here tomorrow.,(08全国17) Liza well not want to go on the tripshe hates traveling. A.will B.can C.must D.may,2.might 可用于指过去的行为或者表示可能性更小。,He might be doing his homework now.,3.might/may have done,表示对过去
9、发生的动作进行可能性推测。,He might have read about the news in the newspaper.,【2012浙江】19. Had they known what was coming next, they _ second thoughts.A. may have B. could have C. must have had D. might have had,4.may 表示许可，表示允许别人做某事， 也可征求对方的许可。May I open the door?,（10四川3) I take the book out? Im afraid not. A. W
10、ill B. May C. Must D. Need,can/could,1. can /could 表示推测时，只能用在否定句或疑问句中。,She couldnt be telling lies.,Can it be Mr. Green?,（10全国17）Im afraid Mr. Harding _see you now. Hes busy.A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D .neednt,2. can/could have done 对过去发生行为的可能性进行推测:,I saw him just now so he couldnt have gone abr
11、oad.,-There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well.-It_a comfortable journey. A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been,3. can/could have done “本可以，本来可能已经”用于肯定句中，表示对过去发生的事情做出的判断.,You could have had a better mark.,【2012北京】33. We _ the difficu
12、lty together, but why didnt you tell me? A. should face B. might face C. could have faced D. must have faced,【2012江苏】35. -Happy birthday!- Thank you! Its the best present I _ for. A. should have wished B. must have wished. C. may have wished D. could have wished,在不表示推测的情态动词中, 我们要注意以下考点:,1. 表示能力、许可的情
13、态动词的用法。 2. 表示否定的情态动词的用法。 3. shall 和 will 的多种意义的区别。 4. 情态动词短语的使用。 5. 虚拟语气中情态动词的使用。,1. 表示能力、许可的情态动词的用法。,表示能力: can, could, be able to*be able to 能用于各种时态。can / could 只能表示现在或过去的能力。*was / were able to : “设法做成某事”相当于 managed to do sth. succeeded in doing sth.。,【2012全国卷II】 Im going to Europe on vacation toge
14、ther with John if I _ find the money.A. can B. might C. would D. need,2. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out.A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to,表示许可: may / might, can / could * might, could 比较委婉, 一般多用于疑问句. * can, may 表达的语言比较随便. * 在以could, might 表示征询对方意见或表示请求时，回答应相应使用can, may. *may或might征求意见的问句否定应答时要用mustnt,
